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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="zh" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1.xsd"><front><journal-meta><!-- 出版商赋予期刊ID--><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">YIKE</journal-id><journal-title-group><!-- 期刊中文全称--><journal-title>安徽医科大学学报</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文全称--><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</abbrev-journal-title><!-- 期刊中文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">安徽医科大学学报</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><!-- 期刊ISSN号--><issn pub-type="ppub">1000-1492</issn><!-- 期刊CN号--><issn pub-type="cn">34-1065/R</issn><publisher><!--出版商英文名称【预置实体】 待确认 --><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Anhui Lianzhong Printing Limited Company</publisher-name><!--出版商英文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc xml:lang="en">Editorial Board of Acta Universitatis Medi-cinalis Anhui Meishan Road , Hefei 230032</publisher-loc><!-- 出版商中文名称【预置实体】--><publisher-name>《安徽医科大学学报》编辑部</publisher-name><!--出版商中文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc>安徽省合肥市安徽医科大学校内老图书馆三楼</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1000–1492（2026）03–0470–10</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">V200赵 云</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="clc"><subject>R 734.2</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="dc"><subject>A</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>基础医学研究</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>转录因子<italic>ZEB1</italic>对肺腺癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭作用机制的研究</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mechanism of transcription factor <italic>ZEB1</italic> in the proliferation， migration， and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>赵</surname><given-names>云</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhao</surname><given-names>Yun</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>马</surname><given-names>贝贝</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ma</surname><given-names>Beibei</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>幸</surname><given-names>化学</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Xing</surname><given-names>Huaxue</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>黄</surname><given-names>绍峰</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Huang</surname><given-names>Shaofeng</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>张</surname><given-names>忠伟</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Zhongwei</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>凌</surname><given-names>博</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ling</surname><given-names>Bo</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna2"/></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><label>1</label><institution>右江民族医学院，基础医学院</institution>、，<city>百色</city>  <postal-code>533000</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>1</label><institution>School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical  University for Nationalities</institution>， <city>Baise</city>    <postal-code>533000</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><label>2</label><institution>右江民族医学院，药学院</institution>，<city>百色</city>  <postal-code>533000</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>2</label><institution>School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical  University for Nationalities</institution>， <city>Baise</city>    <postal-code>533000</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp xml:lang="en" id="cor1"><named-content content-type="corresp-name">Ling Bo</named-content>， E-mail： <email>lingbo268@163.com</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna1"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">赵云</named-content>，女，硕士研究生</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna2"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">凌博</named-content>，男，硕士生导师，通信作者，E-mail： <email>lingbo268@163.com</email></p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-10T11：53：46"><day>10</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-id>14</issue-id><fpage>470</fpage><lpage>479</lpage><page-range>470-479</page-range>  <history><date date-type="received"> <day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date>  </history>  <abstract abstract-type="key-points"><sec><title>目的</title><p>探讨锌指 E 盒结合同源盒1（<italic>ZEB1</italic>）对肺腺癌H322细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响及其机制。</p></sec><sec><title>方法</title><p>基于GEO和TCGA公共数据库分析转录因子<italic>ZEB1</italic>在肺腺癌中的基因表达特征；采用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测肺腺癌细胞系（H322 、A549、95-D）和正常肺上皮细胞（BEAS-2B）中<italic>ZEB1</italic>的mRNA和蛋白表达水平；进一步构建慢病毒稳定转染<italic>ZEB1</italic>过表达（Oe-ZEB1）和过表达对照（Oe-NC）H322细胞株；利用CCK-8、平板克隆、EdU、Hoechst33258/PI双染检测细胞的增殖和凋亡水平；划痕实验和Transwell检测细胞的迁移和侵袭能力；流式细胞术分析细胞的周期水平；Western blot检测相关通路的蛋白表达。</p></sec><sec><title>结果</title><p>GEO和TCGA结果显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic>在肺腺癌中的表达特征与肿瘤恶性程度差异有统计学意义；RT-qPCR和Western blot结果显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic>在肺腺癌细胞系中的表达均高于BEAS-2B（<italic>P</italic>0.05）；CCK-8、平板克隆、EdU、划痕和Transwell结果显示，与未转染的空白对照（Control）组相比， Oe-ZEB1肺腺癌H322细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力增强（<italic>P</italic>0.05）；Hoechst33258/PI双染和流式细胞术结果显示，与Control组相比， Oe-ZEB1肺腺癌H322细胞凋亡水平降低（<italic>P</italic>0.05），且Oe-ZEB1肺腺癌H322细胞的G<sub>1</sub>期比例减少，S期比例增加，从而细胞周期加快；Western blot结果显示，与Control组相比， Oe-ZEB1肺腺癌H322细胞 N-钙黏蛋白（N-cadherin）、突变型p53（mutp53）蛋白和细胞周期蛋白 D1（CyclinD1）（<italic>P</italic>0.05）表达水平升高；与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1肺腺癌H322细胞 E-钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）、鼠双微粒体2（MDM2）蛋白和p21（<italic>P</italic>0.05）表达水平降低。</p></sec><sec><title>结论</title><p>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>可以促进肺腺癌H322细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭，并可能通过调控MDM2/mutp53/p21通路促使细胞从G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub>进入S期，从而加快 H322 细胞周期进程。</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract abstract-type="key-points" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To investigate the effects of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 （<italic>ZEB1</italic>） on the proliferation， migration， and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma H322 cells， as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The gene expression characteristics of the transcription factor <italic>ZEB1</italic> in lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed using data from the GEO and TCGA public databases. RT-qPCR and Western blot were employed to measure mRNA and protein expression levels of <italic>ZEB1</italic> in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines （H322， A549， 95-D） and normal human bronchial epithelial cells （BEAS-2B）. Lentiviral transduction was utilized to establish stable <italic>ZEB1</italic>-overexpressing （Oe-ZEB1） and vector control （Oe-NC） H322 cell lines. Cell proliferation was assessed using CCK-8， colony formation， and EdU assays， while apoptosis was evaluated by Hoechst33258/PI double staining. Wound healing and Transwell assays were performed to examine cell migration and invasion capabilities. Cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry， and Western blot was used to analyze protein expression changes in relevant signaling pathways.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The findings from GEO and TCGA indicated that <italic>ZEB1 </italic>expression in lung adenocarcinoma varied with tumor malignancy grade. RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses revealed significantly higher <italic>ZEB1</italic> expression in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines compared to BEAS-2B cells （<italic>P</italic>0.05）. Results from the CCK-8， colony formation， EdU， wound healing， and Transwell assays demonstrated that， compared with the un-transfected control （Control） group， Oe-ZEB1 H322 cells exhibited enhanced proliferation， migration， and invasion capabilities （<italic>P</italic>0.05）. Hoechst33258/PI double staining and flow cytometry analyses showed that， relative to the Control group， apoptosis was reduced in Oe-ZEB1 H322 cells （<italic>P</italic>0.05）. Additionally， a decreased proportion of cells in the G<sub>1</sub> phase and an increased proportion in the S phase were observed in Oe-ZEB1 cells， indicating accelerated cell cycle progression. Western blot analysis further revealed that， compared with the Control group， Oe-ZEB1 H322 cells exhibited upregulated expression of N-cadherin， mutant p53 （mutp53）， and Cyclin D1 （<italic>P</italic>0.05）， while expression levels of E-cadherin， murine double minute 2 （MDM2）， and p21 were downregulated （<italic>P</italic>0.05）.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Overexpression of <italic>ZEB1 </italic>promotes the proliferation， migration， and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma H322 cells and may facilitate cell cycle progression by modulating the MDM2/mutp53/p21 signaling pathway， thereby promoting the transition of cells from the G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1</sub> phase to the S phase.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>ZEB1</kwd><kwd>肺腺癌</kwd><kwd>转移</kwd><kwd>增殖</kwd><kwd>侵袭</kwd><kwd>细胞周期</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>ZEB1</kwd><kwd>lung adenocarcinoma</kwd>  <kwd>metastasis</kwd>  <kwd>proliferation</kwd>  <kwd>invasion</kwd>  <kwd>cell cycle</kwd>  </kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source>国家自然科学基金项目</funding-source><award-id>82060540</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>广西自然科学基金项目</funding-source><award-id>2025GXNSFHA069028</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>国家自然科学基金项目（编号：82060540）；广西自然科学基金项目（编号：2025GXNSFHA069028）</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><award-group><funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source><award-id>82060540</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province</funding-source><award-id>2025GXNSFHA069028</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 82060540）； Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province （No. 2025GXNSFHA069028）</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="7"/><table-count count="1"/><equation-count count="0"/><ref-count count="19"/><page-count count="10"/><word-count count="21735"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>version</meta-name><meta-value>1.0.0.25071</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>structure-time</meta-name><meta-value>2026-05-25T09:36:52</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>word-source</meta-name><meta-value>FX</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body><p specific-use="noneIndent"/><p>根据国际癌症研究机构（international agency for research on cancer， IARC）的数据统计，2022年全球新增肺癌患者2 480 308例，有1 817 131例因肺癌死亡<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>］ </sup>。肺腺癌作为非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer， NSCLC）的主要亚型，其侵袭性和异质性与上皮-间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transition， EMT）过程密切相关<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>］</sup>。锌指 E盒结合同源蛋白（zinc finger e-box-binding homeobox，ZEB）家族包括ZEB1 和 ZEB2两个蛋白，其中ZEB1的N 端锌指结构域（n-terminal zinc finger， NZF）和C 端锌指结构域（c-terminal zinc finger， CZF）可与特定蛋白结合，从而调节多种生理过程<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>］</sup>。已有研究表明，<italic>ZEB1</italic>在多种癌症类型呈高表达，包括淋巴瘤、膀胱癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结肠癌等多种癌症类型<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R4">4</xref>］</sup>。<italic>ZEB1</italic>可通过诱导免疫抑制细胞和趋化因子，促进肿瘤细胞免疫逃脱，构建肿瘤免疫抑制微环境<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R5">5</xref>］</sup>，并进一步参与 EMT 过程、细胞凋亡调控及肿瘤转移等多种病理进程<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R6">6</xref>］</sup>。然而，过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>对肺腺癌的进展尚未明确。本研究旨在探讨 <italic>ZEB1</italic>对肺腺癌 H322 细胞的生物学功能及其对周期相关蛋白的影响，为肺腺癌的临床治疗提供新的研究方向。</p><sec id="s1"><label>1</label><title>材料与方法</title><sec id="s1a"><label>1.1</label><title>细胞系和实验材料</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">BEAS-2B、H322 、 A549购自浙江美森生物技术有限公司；95-D购自镇江维根生物科技有限公司；RPMI-1640、DMEM 培养基（货号：C11875500BT、11965092）购自美国 Thermo Fisher Scientific公司；胎牛血清、0.25%胰蛋白酶-EDTA消化液、青霉素-链霉素双抗溶液（货号：FSP500、E607002-0100、E607011-0100）购自上海生工技术有限公司；CCK-8 细胞增殖检测试剂、逆转录试剂盒（含gDNA酶）（货号：BS350B、BL699A）购自安徽 Biosharp 公司；基质胶、 Transwell 小室（货号：2278002、3422）购自上海康宁公司；总RNA提取试剂盒（货号：R1200）购自北京索莱宝公司；SYBR Green荧光染料（货号：22204-1）购自上海吐露港生物科技有限公司。N-cadherin、E-cadherin（CST-9782T，1∶2 000）购自上海 Cell Signaling Technology公司；ZEB1（ag16204，1∶1 000）购自武汉三鹰生物技术公司；辣根过氧化物酶（horseradish peroxidase，HRP）标记抗兔IgG（A0208，1∶4 000）、HRP标记抗鼠IgG（A0216，1∶4 000）购自上海碧云天生物技术有限公司；p21（ARG 58183，1∶2 000）、MDM2（ARG 51392，1∶2 000）、Cyclin D1（ARG 52923，1∶2 000）购自杭州 Arigo Biolaboratories Corp公司。</p></sec><sec id="s1b"><label>1.2</label><title>方法</title><sec id="s1b1"><label>1.2.1</label><title>细胞培养</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">H322细胞使用含10%FBS的RPMI1640培养基培养，A549、BEAS-2B、95-D使用含10%FBS的高糖DMEM培养基培养，细胞密度达80%以上进行细胞传代。</p></sec><sec id="s1b2"><label>1.2.2</label><title>生物信息学分析</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">利用GEO数据库（<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/">https：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/</ext-link>）分析<italic>ZEB1</italic>基因在肺腺癌中的转录表达情况，同时使用TCGA数据库（<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/">https：//portal.gdc.cancer.gov/</ext-link>）分析<italic>ZEB1</italic>与肿瘤状态的相关性。</p></sec><sec id="s1b3"><label>1.2.3</label><title><italic>ZEB1</italic>慢病毒细胞株构建</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">质粒载体构建由江苏镇江维根生物科技有限公司进行设计和构建。载体图谱如<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">图1</xref>所示。构建质粒后，获得慢病毒滴度液。过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>的细胞株构建是在聚乙烯亚胺介导下，使用病毒液感染细胞株。用胰酶消化细胞，将细胞接种到6孔板（2×10<sup>6</sup>个/mL）。配比加入（细胞悬液∶转导增强剂=100 μL∶1.4 μL），37 ℃孵育1 h，孵育结束后混合摇匀放置培养箱过夜。第2天加入新鲜培养基待细胞长至80%时，加入终浓度为1 mg/mL嘌呤霉素进行筛选。</p><fig position="float" id="F1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.F001</object-id><label>图1</label><caption><title>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>质粒载体构建</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.1</label><title>Construction of <italic>ZEB1</italic> overexpression plasmid vector</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F001.eps" id="Graphic1"><?fx-imagestate width="77.61111450" height="77.25833893"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="77.61111450" height="77.25833893"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="77.61111450" height="77.25833893"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s1b4"><label>1.2.4</label><title>CCK-8法检测细胞活力</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将对数生长的Control组、Oe-NC组和Oe-ZEB1组细胞接种到96孔板中（2×10<sup>3</sup>个/孔）。每组3个复孔，培养24、48和72 h后，每孔分别加入10 μL CCK-8试剂，培养箱培养2 h后，用酶标仪在450 nm波长下检测3组细胞的吸光度值。</p></sec><sec id="s1b5"><label>1.2.5</label><title>EdU检测细胞增殖能力</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将3组细胞接种于6孔板（4×10<sup>5</sup>个/孔），培养细胞密度至80%~90%。每孔加入1 mL EdU染色液（EdU∶完全培养基=1 μL∶500 μL），37 ℃孵育2 h。根据EdU试剂盒操作说明书加入反应体系工作试剂孵育30 min，随后用1 mL洗涤液清洗3次，每次5 min，随后加入1 mL Hoechst33342染液，室温避光孵育10 min，PBS清洗3次。最后用倒置显微镜拍照记录。</p></sec><sec id="s1b6"><label>1.2.6</label><title>Hoechst33258/PI 双染检测细胞凋亡</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将3组细胞接种到6孔板中（4×10<sup>5</sup>个/孔）培养24 h，收集离心后的细胞。加入1 mL 4%多聚甲醛固定10 min，离心后弃上清液。1 mL预冷PBS重悬，添加Hoechst33258/PI（100 μL∶10 μL）的混合工作液，避光孵育10 min，随后加入1 mL预冷PBS重悬，离心余留上清液约100 μL重悬细胞，最后加入10 μL抗荧光淬灭剂，取细胞悬液15 μL滴至载玻片上，在倒置荧光显微镜下拍照<bold>。</bold></p></sec><sec id="s1b7"><label>1.2.7</label><title>划痕和克隆实验检测迁移增殖能力</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将3组细胞接种到6孔板（5×10<sup>6</sup>个/孔）培养24 h，细胞增长至80%~90%，使用200 μL枪头进行细胞划痕实验，使用PBS清洗，加入无血清培养基后使用倒置显微镜进行拍照记录，48 h后同一位置拍照，ImageJ软件计算迁移率；将3组细胞接种到6孔板（6×10<sup>2</sup>个/孔），在CO<sub>2</sub>培养箱内持续培养14 d，期间每3~4 d进行换液，培养结束后使用4%多聚甲醛固定15 min，结晶紫染色15 min，随后清洗、晾干并拍照记录。</p></sec><sec id="s1b8"><label>1.2.8</label><title>Transwell 实验检测细胞迁移侵袭能力</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将基质胶和无血清培养基按照（1∶8）比例稀释，上室加入100 μL，放入培养箱静置（Transwell迁移无此步骤，上室直接加入200 μL细胞悬液）。待基质胶凝固后，下室加入600 μL基础培养基，随后将细胞接种到Transwell小室的上室（4×10<sup>5</sup>个/孔）。培养48 h后，将小室上层残留的细胞擦掉，使用 4%多聚甲醛固定15 min，结晶紫染色15 min，随后清水清洗3次，晾干，拍照，最后使用ImageJ软件进行计数。</p></sec><sec id="s1b9"><label>1.2.9</label><title>RT-qPCR 检验<italic>ZEB1</italic>的mRNA水平</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将3组细胞接种6孔板中待细胞长满。用总RNA提取试剂提取RNA，随后逆转为cDNA。再用SYBR green 荧光染料试剂盒进行RT-qPCR检测。具体引物序列见<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">表1</xref>。</p><table-wrap id="T1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.T001</object-id><label>表1</label><caption><p>RT-qPCR引物合成序列</p></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Tab.1</label><title>RT-qPCR primer sequences</title></abstract><alternatives><table id="Table1"><thead><tr><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Gene</th><th align="left" colspan="2" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Sequences （5′⁃3′）</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr align="center"><td align="left" rowspan="2"><italic>GAPDH</italic></td><td align="left">F：TGACATCAAGAAGGTGGTGAAGCAG</td><td align="left"/></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" colspan="2">R：GTGTCGCTGTTGAAGTCAGAGGAG</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" rowspan="2" style="border-bottom:solid;"><p><italic>ZEB1</italic></p><p/><p><italic>MDM2</italic></p></td><td align="left" colspan="2">F：CCACCCTTGAAAGTGATCCAGC</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" colspan="2" style="border-bottom:solid;"><p>R：CGGTGTAGAATCAGTCATTCTG</p><p>F：GTTTGCCCCTTAATGCCAT TGAACC</p><p>R：GCCATAAGATGTCCTGTTT TGCCATG</p></td></tr></tbody></table><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-T001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="32.26216888"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-T001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="32.26216888"?></graphic></alternatives></table-wrap></sec><sec id="s1b10"><label>1.2.10</label><title>Western blot 检测相关蛋白表达</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将3组细胞接种到6孔板中待细胞长满。使用细胞裂解液在冰上裂解30 min后提取总蛋白，SDS-PAGE电泳（恒压80 V、30 min，120 V、60 min），转膜（恒流300 mA、60 min），5%脱脂奶粉封闭2 h，一抗4 ℃过夜。TBST洗涤3次，二抗2 h，TBST洗涤3次，最后使用发光成像系统成像检测，ImageJ 进行数据分析。</p></sec><sec id="s1b11"><label>1.2.11</label><title>流式细胞术检测细胞周期水平</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将3组细胞以5×10<sup>5</sup>个/孔的密度接种于6孔板中。第2天收集细胞，PBS进行重悬后，将1 mL细胞悬液滴入3 mL预冷无水乙醇至终浓度75%，在4 ℃下固定过夜。离心去除固定液后，用PBS将细胞进行重悬，室温水化15 min。加入1 mL PI染色工作液，避光孵育30 min。最后使用流式细胞仪收集细胞信号，用Mod Fit LT 5.0软件进行细胞周期阶段拟合分析。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s1c"><label>1.3</label><title>统计学处理</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">采用 SPSS 27.0和 GraphPad Prism 8.0软件进行统计学分析以及图表绘制。计量数据采用<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M1"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-M001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-M001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula><italic>±s</italic>表示，符合正态分布和方差齐性的多组间比较用单因素方差分析。两组间比较采用独立样本<italic>t</italic>检验，以<italic>P</italic>0.05为差异有统计学意义。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s2"><label>2</label><title>结果</title><sec id="s2a"><label>2.1</label><title>生物信息学方法分析在肺腺癌组织中的表达差异</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">本研究使用GEO 和 TCGA 数据库分析了 <italic>ZEB1</italic> 在肺腺癌中的表达特征及其与肿瘤恶性程度的相关性。在 GSE 数据集显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic> 在Low-Mal肺腺癌中的基因拷贝数最高，并表现出较高的转录活性（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">图2</xref>A）。统计分析表明，Low-Mal组与Normal组之间差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>0.001），而High-Mal组与Low-Mal组间差异有统计学意义（<italic>P</italic>0.001）。通过<italic>ZEB1 </italic>在内皮细胞中的比例分析，显示其在内皮细胞中上调的比例为 21.6%，下调比例为 1.5%（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">图2</xref>B）。在免疫细胞中，耗竭型 CD8<sup>+</sup> T 细胞（CD8Tex）中 <italic>ZEB1</italic> 表达上调的比例为 36%，下调比例为 16.6%。CD8Tex 细胞的高基因表达通常与肿瘤的免疫编辑和逃逸密切相关，其表达模式与不良预后显著相关（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">图2</xref>C）。TCGA 数据库的分析结果显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic> 的表达与肿瘤分化、EMT、侵袭、转移、增殖及扩散呈正相关（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">图2</xref>D）。上述结果表明，<italic>ZEB1</italic> 可能通过调控多种生物学过程促进肿瘤的侵袭和转移。</p><fig position="float" id="F2"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.F002</object-id><label>图2</label><caption><title>GEO和TCGA数据库对<italic>ZEB1</italic>的分析</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.2</label><title>Analysis of <italic>ZEB1 </italic>using the GEO and TCGA databases</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： <italic>ZEB1</italic> showed differential expression in the spatial transcriptomics deconvolution regions in the GSE179572 dataset； B： Expression of <italic>ZEB1</italic> in endothelial cells in the GSE117570 dataset； C： Expression of <italic>ZEB1 </italic>in immune cells in the GSE127471 dataset； D： Correlation analysis of <italic>ZEB1</italic> gene and 14 tumor states in the TCGA dataset；<sup>***</sup><italic>P</italic>0.001 <italic>vs </italic>Low-Mal group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F002.tif" id="Graphic2"><?fx-imagestate width="168.93557739" height="97.33825684"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="168.93557739" height="97.33825684"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="168.93557739" height="97.33825684"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2b"><label>2.2</label><title><italic>ZEB1</italic>在肺腺癌细胞系中的mRNA和蛋白表达水平</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">为探究<italic>ZEB1</italic>在肺腺癌中的表达，该实验使用Western blot和RT-qPCR检测肺腺癌细胞系H322 、A549、95-D和BEAS-2B中<italic>ZEB1</italic>的表达情况。结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">图3</xref>），与正常肺上皮BEAS-2B细胞相比，<italic>ZEB1</italic>在H322 、A549、95-D细胞系的蛋白表达水平（<italic>t</italic>=10.630、11.010、21.180，<italic>P</italic>0.05）和mRNA表达水平均升高（<italic>t</italic>=6.447、30.730、21.900，<italic>P</italic>0.05）。与A549、95-D相比，<italic>ZEB1</italic>在H322细胞中的表达水平较低，因此，选择H322细胞构建稳定过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>的细胞株。</p><fig position="float" id="F3"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.F003</object-id><label>图3</label><caption><title><italic>ZEB1</italic>在肺癌细胞系中的mRNA和蛋白表达水平</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.3</label><title>mRNA and protein expression levels of <italic>ZEB1 </italic>in lung cancer cell lines</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： The ZEB1 protein expression levels in cells； B： The statistical chart of ZEB1 protein expression levels in cells； C： The statistical chart of <italic>ZEB1</italic> mRNA expression levels in cells； a： BEAS-2B group； b： H322 group； c： A549 group； d： 95-D group； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05， <sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>0.01， <sup>***</sup><italic>P</italic>0.001 <italic>vs</italic> BEAS-2B group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F003.eps" id="Graphic3"><?fx-imagestate width="152.04722595" height="42.68611145"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F003.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="152.04722595" height="42.68611145"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F003c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="152.04722595" height="42.68611145"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2c"><label>2.3</label><title><italic> ZEB1</italic>在H322细胞中过表达效率验证</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">荧光转染效率如<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">图4</xref>A所示，Oe-NC和 Oe-ZEB1过表达效率均较强。随后使用Western blot和RT-qPCR进行验证。结果如图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">4</xref>B-<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">4</xref>D所示，与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组ZEB1蛋白表达（<italic>t</italic>=7.688，<italic>P</italic>0.05）和 mRNA表达（<italic>t</italic>=44.320，<italic>P</italic>0.05）均显著增加。</p><fig position="float" id="F4"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.F004</object-id><label>图4</label><caption><title><italic>ZEB1</italic>在H322细胞中过表达效率验证</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig. 4</label><title>Verification of <italic>ZEB1</italic> overexpression efficiency in H322 cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： The fluorescent transfection image of overexpressed <italic>ZEB1</italic> in H322 cells    ×200； Green light： GFP； B： The ZEB1 protein expression levels in H322 cells after transfection； C： The statistical chart of ZEB1 protein expression levels in H322 cells after transfection； D： The statistical chart of <italic>ZEB1</italic> mRNA expression levels in cells after transfection； e： Control group； f： Oe-NC group； g： Oe-ZEB1 group； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Control group； <sup>#</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Oe-NC group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F004.eps" id="Graphic4"><?fx-imagestate width="151.69444275" height="104.06945038"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F004.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="151.69444275" height="104.06945038"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F004c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="151.69444275" height="104.06945038"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2d"><label>2.4</label><title>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>对H322细胞增殖和凋亡的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">CCK-8 结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">图5</xref>A），与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组细胞吸光度值增加（<italic>F</italic>=6.974，<italic>P</italic>0.05）。平板克隆结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">5</xref>B、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">5</xref>E），Oe-ZEB1组克隆数（175.7 ± 17.67）高于Control组克隆数（118.3 ± 15.82）（<italic>t</italic>=4.186，<italic>P</italic>0.05）。EdU实验结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">5</xref>C、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">5</xref>F），与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组绿色荧光强度增加（<italic>t</italic>=6.579，<italic>P</italic>0.05）。Hoechst33258/PI 双染实验结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">5</xref>D、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">5</xref>G），与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组高蓝光细胞数量和低红光细胞数量减少（<italic>t</italic>=6.221，<italic>P</italic>0.05）。以上结果表明Oe-ZEB1促进H322细胞的增殖能力，抑制H322细胞的凋亡水平。</p><fig position="float" id="F5"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.F005</object-id><label>图5</label><caption><title>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>对H322细胞增殖和凋亡的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.5</label><title>The effects of <italic>ZEB1</italic> overexpression on the proliferation and apoptosis of H322 cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： CCK-8 assay results of H322 cells； B： Plate cloning experiment results of H322 cells； C： EdU staining was used to detect the proliferative capacity of H322 cells    ×200； Blue light： Hoechst33342， Green light： Edu； High green light low blue light： proliferation cells；D： Hoechst 33258/PI double staining apoptosis fluorescence images of H322 cells    ×200； Blue light： Hoechst33258， Red light： PI； High blue light low red light：apoptotic cells； E： The statistical chart of plate cloning experiment results of H322 cells； F： The statistical chart of EDU staining assay results of H322 cells； G： The statistical chart of Hoechst33258/PI double staining results of H322 cells；e： Control group； f： Oe-NC group； g： Oe-ZEB1 group； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Control group； <sup>#</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Oe-NC group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F005.eps" id="Graphic5"><?fx-imagestate width="168.98054504" height="197.55555725"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F005.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="168.98054504" height="197.55555725"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F005c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="168.98054504" height="197.55555725"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2e"><label>2.5</label><title>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>对H322细胞迁移和侵袭的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">划痕实验结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>A、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>D、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>E），与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组24 h和48 h迁移率均增高（<italic>t</italic>=3.470，<italic>t</italic>=6.515，<italic>P</italic>0.05）；Transwell实验结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>B、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>C、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>F、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>G），Oe-ZEB1组迁移细胞数（<italic>t</italic>=29.650，<italic>P</italic>0.05）和侵袭细胞数（<italic>t</italic>=14.540，<italic>P</italic>0.05）均高于Control组细胞迁移数和细胞侵袭数。以上结果表明，Oe-ZEB1促进H322细胞的迁移和侵袭。</p><fig position="float" id="F6"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.F006</object-id><label>图6</label><caption><title>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>对H322细胞迁移和侵袭的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.6</label><title>The effects of <italic>ZEB1</italic> overexpression on the migration and invasion of H322 cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： Scratch test result of H322 cells    ×100； B： Transwell migration assay results of H322 cells    ×200； C： Transwell invasion assay results of H322 cells    ×200； D： The statistical chart of the migration rate of H322 cells by 24 hours cell scratch assay； E： The statistical chart of the migration rate of H322 cells 48 hours after transfection detected by cell scratch assay； F： The statistical chart of Transwell migration assay results of H322 cells； G： The statistical chart of Transwell invasion assay results of H322 cells； e： Control group； f： Oe-NC group； g： Oe-ZEB1 group； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Control group； <sup>#</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Oe-NC group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F006.eps" id="Graphic6"><?fx-imagestate width="164.74722290" height="147.10832214"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F006.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="164.74722290" height="147.10832214"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F006c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="164.74722290" height="147.10832214"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2f"><label>2.6</label><title>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>对EMT和MDM2/mutp53/p21通路的表达影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">Western blot实验结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">7</xref>A、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">7</xref>B），与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组E-cadherin 的蛋白表达水平下降（<italic>t</italic>=5.249，<italic>P</italic>0.05），N-cadherin 的蛋白表达水平显著升高（<italic>t</italic>=4.435，<italic>P</italic>0.05）。MDM2/mutp53/p21 通路相关蛋白结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">7</xref>C、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">7</xref>D），与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组 MDM2和 p21 蛋白的表达水平下降（<italic>t</italic>=7.070、<italic>t</italic>=4.115，<italic>P</italic>0.05），mutp53 和Cyclin D1 蛋白表达水平增加（<italic>t</italic>=7.099、<italic>t</italic>=7.078， <italic>P</italic>0.05）。流式细胞周期实验结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">7</xref>E、<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">7</xref>F），OE-ZEB1组G<sub>1</sub>期占比为58.63%，低于Control组G<sub>1</sub>期 占比66.67% （<italic>t</italic>=11.760， <italic>P</italic>0.05）。OE-ZEB1组S期占比为14.01％，高于Control组S期 占比10.32%（<italic>t</italic>=7.349， <italic>P</italic>0.05）。<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">图7</xref>G显示，与Control组相比，Oe-ZEB1组MDM2的mRNA表达水平下降（<italic>t</italic>=10.640， <italic>P</italic>0.05）。</p><fig position="float" id="F7"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.03.012.F007</object-id><label>图7</label><caption><title>过表达<italic>ZEB1</italic>对EMT和MDM2/mutp53/p21通路的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.7</label><title>The effects of <italic>ZEB1</italic> overexpression on the expression of EMT and MDM2/mutp53/p21 pathway</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： E-cadherin and N-cadherin protein expression levels in H322 cells； B： The statistical chart of E-cadherin and N-cadherin protein expression levels in H322 cells； C： MDM2， mutp53， p21 and Cyclin D1 protein expression levels in H322 cells； D： The statistical chart of MDM2， mutp53， p21 and Cyclin D1 protein expression levels in H322 cells； E： Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle of H322 cells； F： The statistical chart of cell cycle proportion in H322 cells； G： The statistical chart of <italic>MDM2</italic> mRNA expression levels in H322 cells； e： Control group； f： Oe-NC group； g： Oe-ZEB1 group； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Control group； <sup>#</sup><italic>P</italic>0.05 <italic>vs</italic> Oe-NC group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F007.eps" id="Graphic7"><?fx-imagestate width="168.62777710" height="150.63609314"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F007.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="168.62777710" height="150.63609314"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/6877FBCA-1F0B-4641-8B60-992A7B6139D0-F007c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="168.62777710" height="150.63609314"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><label>3</label><title>讨论</title><p>有研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R7">7</xref>］</sup>表明，<italic>ZEB1</italic>的高表达与肺癌患者的不良预后显著相关，并且进一步证实<italic>ZEB1</italic>为总生存期（overall survival，OS）和无进展生存期（progression-free survival， PFS）缩短的独立危险因素<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R8">8</xref>］</sup>。本研究通过生物信息学分析显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic> 在低恶性肺腺癌中的基因拷贝数表达最高，并表现出较高的转录活性。其表达水平与肺腺癌的癌变、侵袭、转移过程密切相关。此外，细胞学实验结果显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic>在肺腺癌细胞系（H322 、A549、95-D）中的表达均高于BEAS-2B，提示<italic>ZEB1</italic>可能在肺腺癌发生和发展过程中发挥重要作用。</p><p><italic>ZEB1</italic>是胚胎发育的关键转录因子，在细胞增殖调控中具有重要作用<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R9">9</xref>］</sup>。在骨肉瘤中，<italic>ZEB1</italic>过表达可增强细胞活力、迁移和侵袭能力，通过正向调控致癌表型促进肿瘤进展<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R10">10</xref>］</sup>。CCK-8 、平板克隆和EdU实验结果显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic>过表达可增强H322细胞的增殖能力。EMT是指上皮细胞在特定生物信号诱导下转化为具有间充质细胞特性的过程，同时伴随细胞形态及骨架重塑，导致细胞迁移能力增强、黏附作用减弱<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>］</sup>。<italic>ZEB1</italic>作为EMT经典转录调控因子，其NZF和 CZF可通过结合靶基因启动子区E-box，抑制E-cadherin表达并促进N-cadherin转化<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>］</sup>。划痕和Transwell实验结果显示，<italic>ZEB1</italic>过表达可显著增强H322 细胞的迁移能力。Western blot 结果进一步证实，<italic>ZEB1</italic>可通过下调 E-cadherin、上调 N-cadherin表达，驱动 EMT 进程并促进细胞迁移与侵袭。</p><p>MDM2 是一种具有环指结构域的E3泛素连接酶，可介导 p53 的核输出与泛素化降解。p53 通过转录激活下游 p21 ，参与肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡及 DNA 损伤修复等关键生物学过程<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R13">13</xref>］</sup>。p21属于G<sub>1</sub>/S 期细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶（cyclin-dependent kinase， CDK）抑制剂，可通过抑制 CDK 家族蛋白活性阻滞细胞周期于 G<sub>1</sub> 期；反之，p21 缺失会通过改变细胞分化特性促进肿瘤进程 <sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R14">14</xref>］</sup>。Cyclin D1作为p21下游的细胞周期调控因子，与 CDK4/6 形成复合物被激活，可磷酸化视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白，推动细胞由 G<sub>1</sub> 期进入 S 期；但异常高表达可能加速细胞周期进程<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R13">13</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R14">14</xref>］</sup>。在 Tp53 突变背景下，mutp53丧失了野生型 p53 的抑癌功能，但MDM2 仍可通过结合 mutp53 介导其泛素化降解，从而调控其稳定性及致癌活性<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R15">15</xref>］</sup>。已有研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R16">16</xref>］</sup>表明，MDM2的上调可促进mutp53的降解。而 mutp53的乙酰化增强及降解也可诱导p21 表达上调<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R17">17</xref>］</sup>。MDM2 的转录调控与EMT途径（如转化生长因子 β、受体酪氨酸激酶）密切相关。作为 EMT 核心转录因子，<italic>ZEB1</italic>可通过调控MDM2影响其下游信号通路的表达。此外，mutp53保留了与磷酸化及异丙基异构酶1相互作用的能力，从而允许p63的隔离与抑制作用，进一步促进EMT进程<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R18">18</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R19">19</xref>］</sup>。本研究表明，<italic>ZEB1</italic>过表达可通过抑制MDM2介导的mutp53蛋白降解作用，并协同下调p21的表达水平，从而驱动恶性细胞周期进程。Western blot 结果显示，与Control相比，Oe-ZEB1中 MDM2、p21 蛋白表达下调，而 mutp53、Cyclin D1 蛋白表达上调。流式细胞周期实验进一步表明，Oe-ZEB1 组 G<sub>0</sub>/G<sub>1 </sub>期细胞比例减少、S 期比例增加，未出现明显 G<sub>1</sub>/S 阻滞，提示细胞周期进程加速。</p><p>综上所述，本研究表明，过表达 <italic>ZEB1</italic> 可促进肺腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭以及EMT进程。并且<italic>ZEB1</italic> 可能通过调控 MDM2/mutp53/p21 通路参与 H322 细胞的周期调控。后续研究将筛选 <italic>ZEB1</italic> 与 MDM2/mutp53互作分子，并结合染色质免疫沉淀技术精准定位<italic>ZEB1</italic>调控靶点。同时，构建 <italic>ZEB1</italic> 敲低细胞株以进一步验证MDM2/mutp53/p21 通路在肺腺癌中的生物学意义。</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>参考文献</title><ref 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