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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="zh" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1.xsd"><front><journal-meta><!-- 出版商赋予期刊ID--><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">YIKE</journal-id><journal-title-group><!-- 期刊中文全称--><journal-title>安徽医科大学学报</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文全称--><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</abbrev-journal-title><!-- 期刊中文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">安徽医科大学学报</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><!-- 期刊ISSN号--><issn pub-type="ppub">1000-1492</issn><!-- 期刊CN号--><issn pub-type="cn">34-1065/R</issn><publisher><!--出版商英文名称【预置实体】 待确认 --><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Anhui Lianzhong Printing Limited Company</publisher-name><!--出版商英文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc xml:lang="en">Editorial Board of Acta Universitatis Medi-cinalis Anhui Meishan Road , Hefei 230032</publisher-loc><!-- 出版商中文名称【预置实体】--><publisher-name>《安徽医科大学学报》编辑部</publisher-name><!--出版商中文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc>安徽省合肥市安徽医科大学校内老图书馆三楼</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1000–1492（2026）05–0827–09</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05 005</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">V297-代凯红-和厚朴酚-</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="clc"><subject>R 735.2</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="dc"><subject>A</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>基础医学研究</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>和厚朴酚通过调节ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3通路抑制胃癌细胞恶性进程</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Honokiol inhibits the malignant progression of gastric cancer cells by regulating the ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3 pathway</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>代</surname><given-names>凯红</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dai</surname><given-names>Kaihong</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>文</surname><given-names>贤慧</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wen</surname><given-names>Xianhui</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>黄</surname><given-names>赟</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Huang</surname><given-names>Yun</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>韦</surname><given-names>四喜</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wei</surname><given-names>Sixi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>黄</surname><given-names>海</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Huang</surname><given-names>Hai</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna2"/></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><label>1</label><institution>贵州医科大学附属医院临床检验中心</institution>，<city>贵阳</city>  <postal-code>550004</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>1</label><institution>Center for Clinical Laboratories， The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University，Guiyang</institution>　<postal-code>550004</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><label>2</label><institution>贵州医科大学检验学院</institution>，<city>贵阳</city>  <postal-code>550004</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>2</label><institution>School of Clinical Laboratory Science， Guizhou Medical University， Guiyang</institution>　<postal-code>550004</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp xml:lang="en" id="cor1"><named-content content-type="corresp-name">Huang Hai</named-content>， E-mail： <email>huang-hai828@gmc.edu.cn</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna1"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">代凯红</named-content>，女，硕士研究生</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna2"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">黄  海</named-content>，男，教授，博士生导师，通信作者，E-mail： <email>huang-hai828@gmc.edu.cn</email></p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-16T12：03：37"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date>    <history><date date-type="received">       <day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date>  </history><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-id>16</issue-id><fpage>827</fpage><lpage>835</lpage><page-range>827-835</page-range><abstract abstract-type="key-points"><sec><title>目的</title><p>探讨和厚朴酚（Honokiol）对胃癌细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移和侵袭的影响及其潜在机制。</p></sec><sec><title>方法</title><p>选取0、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理人胃癌细胞系HGC-27与AGS。CCK-8检测两株细胞的半抑制浓度（IC<sub>50</sub>）；CCK-8、克隆形成、划痕、Transwell迁移及Transwell侵袭实验检测细胞存活率、增殖、迁移、侵袭能力；流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率；Western blot检测增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭及内质网应激通路ATF4-CHOP-TRIB3的相关蛋白。</p></sec><sec><title>结果</title><p>与对照组比较，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理后两株胃癌细胞的增殖、克隆形成、迁移和侵袭能力明显降低，凋亡率明显升高（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）；与对照组比较，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理后两株胃癌细胞的神经钙黏蛋白（N-cadherin）、波形蛋白（Vimentin）、增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）、B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2蛋白（Bcl-2）表达下降，上皮钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）、Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bax）、转录激活因子4（ATF4）、内质网应激相关蛋白（CHOP）、Tribbles同源蛋白3（TRIB3）表达上升（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）。</p></sec><sec><title>结论</title><p>Honokiol通过调节内质网应激信号通路ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3促进胃癌细胞HGC-27、AGS凋亡，抑制其增殖、迁移和侵袭。</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract abstract-type="key-points" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To investigate the effect of honokiol on proliferation， apoptosis， migration， and invasion of gastric cancer cells and its underlying mechanistic.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Human gastric cancer cell lines HGC-27 and AGS were treated with Honokiol at concentrations of 0， 15， and 25 μmol/L. CCK-8 assays were conducted to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration （IC<sub>50</sub>） for both cell lines. Cell viability， proliferation， migration， and invasion capabilities were assessed using CCK-8， colony formation， wound healing， Transwell migration and Transwell invasion assays. Apoptosis rates were measured <italic>via</italic> flow cytometry. Western blot analysis examined proteins related to proliferation， apoptosis， migration， invasion， and the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway ATF4-CHOP-TRIB3.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Compared with the control group， treatment with 15 and 25 μmol/L Honokiol significantly reduced the proliferation， colony formation， migration， and invasion capabilities of the two gastric cancer cell lines， while significantly increasing the apoptosis rate （<italic>P&lt;</italic>0.05）. Additionally， compared to the control group， the protein expression levels of neural cadherin（N-cadherin）， Vimentin， proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）， and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 protein（Bcl-2）decreased in the two gastric cancer cell lines after treatment with 15 and 25 μmol/L Honokiol， while the protein expression levels of epithelial cadherin（E-cadherin）， Bcl-2-associated X protein（Bax）， activating transcription factor 4（ATF4）， endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein（CHOP）， and tribbles homolog 3（TRIB3）increased（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Honokiol promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation， migration， and invasion of gastric cancer HGC-27 and AGS cells by regulating the ERS signaling pathway ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>和厚朴酚；胃癌；内质网应激；ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3信号通路；凋亡；靶向</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>honokiol</kwd><kwd>gastric cancer</kwd><kwd>endoplasmic reticulum stress</kwd><kwd>ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3 signaling pathway</kwd><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>targeting</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source>国家自然科学基金项目</funding-source><award-id>82560798</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目</funding-source><award-id>gzwjkj2020-1-242</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>国家自然科学基金项目（编号：82560798）；贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目（编号：gzwjkj2020-1-242）</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><award-group><funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source><award-id>82560798</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>Scientific and Technological Project of Guizhou Health Commission</funding-source><award-id>gzwkj2020-1-242</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>National Natural Science Foundation of China（No. 82560798）； Scientific and Technological Project of Guizhou Health Commission（No. gzwkj2020-1-242）</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="6"/><table-count count="0"/><equation-count count="0"/><ref-count count="16"/><page-count count="9"/><word-count count="16081"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>version</meta-name><meta-value>1.0.0.25091</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>structure-time</meta-name><meta-value>2026-06-30T11:07:35</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>word-source</meta-name><meta-value>FX</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body><p>胃癌（gastric cancer，GC）是全球常见癌症和癌症相关死亡原因之一，其发病隐匿、难治性强，如不及时治疗，预后往往不理想<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>］</sup>。目前有手术治疗、化疗和放疗等治疗方法，但胃癌的整体治疗效果仍然较差，因此寻找毒性更低的新治疗策略是提高胃癌治疗效果的希望<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>］</sup>。从天然产物中寻找高效低毒的防治药物已成为肿瘤学研究的热点之一。和厚朴酚（Honokiol）是一种从传统中药材厚朴树皮中提取的天然小分子多酚类化合物，因低毒性、多靶点作用的特点，在消化系统恶性肿瘤的防治研究中逐渐成为热点<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>］</sup>。研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R4">4</xref>］</sup>表明Honokiol具有广泛的药理活性，包括抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌及抗肿瘤等作用，其通过调控多种信号通路，在胃癌的预防和治疗中展现出多方面的潜在价值。ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3信号通路是内质网应激（endoplasmic reticulum stress，ERS）诱导细胞凋亡的途径之一，是细胞在营养缺乏、氧化应激等环境时启动的核心通路，在肿瘤进展中起关键作用<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R5">5</xref>］</sup>。有研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R6">6</xref>］</sup>报道Honokiol可通过激活ERS通路治疗肿瘤，然而其通过ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3信号通路调控GC进程及机制鲜有报道，该研究采用GC细胞系HGC-27与AGS，探究Honokiol对GC细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移、侵袭的影响及其机制，为GC的治疗提供崭新理论。</p><sec id="s1"><label>1</label><title>材料与方法</title><sec id="s1a"><label>1.1</label><title>材料</title><sec id="s1a1"><label>1.1.1</label><title>细胞系</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">人GC细胞系HGC-27和AGS购自武汉普诺赛公司。</p></sec><sec id="s1a2"><label>1.1.2</label><title>主要材料和试剂</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">Honokiol（货号：HY-N0003，美国MCE公司）；RPMI-1640培养基和胰蛋白酶（货号：C11875500、252000，美国GIBCO BRL公司）；胎牛血清（fetal bovine serum，FBS）（货号：XY-FBS-500，上海SAILYBIO公司）；PBS缓冲液（货号：G4202，武汉塞维尔公司）；二甲基亚砜、青链霉素混合液、4％组织细胞固定液、蛋白浓度测定（bicinchoninic acid assay，BCA）试剂、结晶紫染色液和RIPA裂解液（货号：D8371、P1400、P1110、PC0020、G1062、R0010，北京索莱宝公司）；CCK-8试剂（货号：MA0218，大连博格林公司），Matrigel Matrix基质胶（货号：356234，美国Corning公司）； Annexin V-FITC/PI凋亡试剂盒（货号：40302ES，上海翌圣公司）；B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2蛋白（B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 protein，Bcl-2）（货号：BF9103，武汉亲和生命公司）；上皮钙黏附蛋白（E-Cadherin）、波形蛋白（Vimentin）、增殖细胞核抗原（proliferating cell nuclear antigen，PCNA）、Tribbles同源蛋白3（tribbles pseudokinase 3，TRIB3）、Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bcl-2 associated X protein，Bax）、β-肌动蛋白（β-actin）及兔、鼠源二抗（货号：20874-1-AP、10366-1-AP、10205-2-AP、13300-1-AP、50599-2-IG、81115-1-RR、SA00001-2和SA00001-1，武汉三鹰公司）；神经钙黏蛋白（N-cadherin）、转录激活因子4（activating transcription factor 4，ATF4）（货号：WL01047、WL02330，沈阳万类公司）；内质网应激相关蛋白（C/EBP homologous protein，CHOP）（货号：ET1703-05，杭州华安公司）。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s1b"><label>1.2</label><title>方法</title><sec id="s1b1"><label>1.2.1</label><title>细胞培养与分组</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">HGC-27和AGS细胞培养于含10% FBS的RPMI-1640培养基，并添加1%抗生素（100 U/mL青霉素和100 μg/mL链霉素），培养于37 ℃、5％ CO<sub>2</sub>的恒温培养箱中；二甲基亚砜溶解Honokiol并用RPMI-1640培养基稀释至15、25 μmol/L浓度处理细胞。</p></sec><sec id="s1b2"><label>1.2.2</label><title>CCK-8实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">取对数生长期AGS、HGC-27细胞，离心收集细胞，稀释细胞悬液为3 000个/100 μL，96孔板中每孔加100 μL细胞悬液，5个复孔，边缘每孔各加100 μL PBS防止蒸发，于37 ℃、5% CO<sub>2</sub>条件下培养；待细胞贴壁后加药处理，设置空白组、10、20、30、40、50 μmol/L Honokiol处理组，每孔加10 μL CCK-8试剂，温箱孵育2 h，酶标仪测量样本0 h时在450 nm处的吸光度（absorbance， <italic>A</italic>）。同条件培养24、48、72 h，计算半抑制浓度（half maximal inhibitory concentration，IC<sub>50</sub>）。后续实验同上步骤设置空白组、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理细胞后测量<italic>A</italic>值计算细胞存活率。</p></sec><sec id="s1b3"><label>1.2.3</label><title>克隆形成实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">0、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理对数生长期细胞48 h后，1 000 r/min离心5 min收集细胞，稀释细胞悬液为1 000个/孔。6孔板每孔加2 mL细胞悬液。4~5 d换1次液。10~14 d后培养完毕，4%组织细胞固定液固定15至30 min，0.1%结晶紫染色15至30 min后漂洗拍照计算克隆数量。</p></sec><sec id="s1b4"><label>1.2.4</label><title>划痕实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">0、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理对数生长期细胞48 h后，接种于6孔板中，8×10<sup>6</sup>个/孔，待细胞贴壁后用200 μL枪头在6孔板内划“十”字划痕，用PBS润洗去除漂浮的细胞。分别于0、24、48 h在显微镜下拍照观察划痕愈合情况，每时间段拍照后加入完全培养基继续培养细胞。</p></sec><sec id="s1b5"><label>1.2.5</label><title>Transwell迁移实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">0、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理对数生长期细胞48 h后，1 000 r/min离心5 min收集细胞，下室加入600 μL 10% FBS完全培养基，将小室轻放入后，置于显微镜下观察膜接触的液面有无气泡，若有气泡需取出小室重放。用RPMI-1640培养基稀释细胞悬液，上室5×10<sup>4</sup>个/孔，200 μL/孔。37 ℃、5% CO<sub>2</sub>培养一定时间，用PBS润洗小室2次，上、下室分别加入200、600 μL 4%组织细胞固定液固定20 min后用0.1%结晶紫染色30 min，清洗小室，用棉签轻擦上室室壁，将上室残留细胞去除干净。在200倍显微镜视野下察视、截取图片，统计各小室四周平均5个视野中迁移至小室孔膜下表面的细胞数。计算各视野下的平均细胞数。</p></sec><sec id="s1b6"><label>1.2.6</label><title>Transwell侵袭实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">Matrigel Matrix基质胶按照说明书比例配好，上室每孔加入100 μL，置恒温培养箱过夜。0、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理对数生长期细胞48 h后，用RPMI-1640培养基稀释细胞悬液，上室8×10<sup>4</sup>个/孔，200 μL/孔。37 ℃、5% CO<sub>2</sub>培养一定时间，用PBS润洗小室2次，上、下室分别加入200、600 μL 4%组织细胞固定液固定20 min后用0.1%结晶紫染色30 min，清洗小室，用棉签轻擦上室室壁，将上室残留细胞去除干净。在200倍显微镜视野下察视、截取图片，统计各小室四周平均5个视野中迁移至小室孔膜下表面的细胞数。计算各视野下的平均细胞数。</p></sec><sec id="s1b7"><label>1.2.7</label><title>流式细胞凋亡实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">0、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理对数生长期细胞48 h后，用不含EDTA的胰酶消化，制成单个细胞悬液，用预冷的PBS洗涤细胞2次，1 000 r/min、4 ℃离心5 min后收集细胞；吸弃PBS加入100 µL 1×Binding Buffer重悬细胞，加入5 µL Annexin V-FITC与10 µL PI Staining Solution，混匀避光，室温反应10~15 min；加入500 µL 1×Binding Buffer，混匀后避光冰上放置，1 h内用流式细胞仪检测。</p></sec><sec id="s1b8"><label>1.2.8</label><title>Western blot实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">0、15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理对数生长期细胞48 h后，蛋白RIPA强效裂解液裂解细胞，采用BCA法对上清液中的蛋白浓度进行测定，提取蛋白，通过SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis，PAGE）分离蛋白，让蛋白从凝胶转至0.22 μm PVDF膜上；PVDF膜浸入含有5%脱脂奶粉封闭液中室温封闭2 h；用含吐温-20的1×Tris缓冲盐溶液（tris-buffered saline with Tween-20，TBST）清洗PVDF膜后与一抗4 ℃摇床孵育过夜12~16 h，稀释比例β-actin（1∶10 000）、E-Cadherin（1∶2 000）、N-Cadherin（1∶1 000）、Bcl-2（1∶3 000）、Bax（1∶2 000）、PCNA（1∶10 000）、Vimentin（1∶30 000）、CHOP（1∶3 000）、TRIB3（1∶1 000）、ATF4（1∶1 000）；次日，用1×TBST洗涤PVDF膜3次，10 min/次，二抗（1∶10 000）室温孵育1 h，1×TBST清洗3次，10 min/次。使用ECL化学发光、显影。Bio-Rad凝胶成像系统拍照，ImageJ软件量化分析蛋白条带灰度值，以β-actin为内参计算各目的蛋白的相对表达水平。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s1c"><label>1.3</label><title>统计学处理</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">使用GraphPad Prism 9.0软件分析实验数据，采用<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M1"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-M001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-M001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>±<italic>s</italic>表示计量数据，所有实验均重复3次以确保结果的可重复性和准确性。多组间比较采用单因素方差分析（one way ANOVA），<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05为差异有统计学意义。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s2"><label>2</label><title>结果</title><sec id="s2a"><label>2.1</label><title>Honokiol对GC细胞存活率的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">CCK-8实验显示，与未处理的对照组（0 μmol/L）相比，10、20、30、40、50 μmol/L Honokiol均呈现一定的增殖抑制作用，且抑制效果随着药物浓度升高而增强。结果显示，Honokiol对HGC-27、AGS细胞的IC<sub>50</sub>分别为20.24、24.84 μmol/L。因此，在后续实验中选择IC<sub>50</sub>附近的15和25 μmol/L两个剂量进行处理。见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">图1</xref>。</p><fig position="float" id="F1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.005.F001</object-id><label>图1</label><caption><title>Honokiol对GC细胞存活率的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.1</label><title>The effects of Honokiol on the viability of GC cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p><sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05， <sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01， <sup>****</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.000 1 <italic>vs</italic> 0 μmol/L group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F001.eps" id="Graphic1"><?fx-imagestate width="150.28332520" height="57.50277328"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="150.28332520" height="57.50277328"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="150.28332520" height="57.50277328"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2b"><label>2.2</label><title>Honokiol对GC细胞增殖、凋亡的影响</title><p>CCK-8实验中，与对照组相比，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol组HGC-27、AGS细胞存活率明显下降（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">图2</xref>A。流式细胞术中，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol组HGC-27、AGS细胞凋亡率均有所上升（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">图2</xref>B。克隆形成实验中，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol组HGC-27、AGS细胞克隆形成数明显下降（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">图3</xref>A。Western blot实验表明，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol均可下调两株细胞中增殖相关蛋白PCNA的表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01），上调促凋亡蛋白Bax的表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05），下调抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F3">图3</xref>B。上述结果表明Honokiol能够促进GC细胞凋亡，抑制其增殖。</p><fig position="float" id="F2"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.005.F002</object-id><label>图2</label><caption><title>Honokiol对GC细胞存活率、凋亡的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.2</label><title>The effects of Honokiol on the viability and apoptosis of GC cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： Viability of HGC-27 and AGS cells was detected by CCK-8 assay； B： Apoptosis of HGC-27 and AGS cells was detected by flow cytometry apoptosis assay； <sup>***</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001， <sup>****</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.000 1 <italic>vs</italic> 0 μmol/L group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F002.eps" id="Graphic2"><?fx-imagestate width="148.16667175" height="139.69999695"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="148.16667175" height="139.69999695"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="148.16667175" height="139.69999695"?></graphic></alternatives></fig><fig position="float" id="F3"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.005.F003</object-id><label>图3</label><caption><title>Honokiol对GC细胞增殖、相关蛋白的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.3</label><title>The effects of Honokiol on the proliferation and relative proteins of GC cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： Proliferation of HGC-27 and AGS cells was detected by colony formation assay； B： Proliferation and apoptosis proteins of HGC-27 and AGS cells were detected by Western blot assay； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05， <sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01， <sup>***</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001， <sup>****</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.000 1 <italic>vs</italic> 0 μmol/L group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F003.eps" id="Graphic3"><?fx-imagestate width="141.81668091" height="169.68609619"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F003.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="141.81668091" height="169.68609619"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F003c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="141.81668091" height="169.68609619"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2c"><label>2.3</label><title>Honokiol对GC细胞迁移、侵袭的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">划痕实验中，与对照组相比，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol组HGC-27、AGS细胞的伤口愈合面积明显减少，细胞迁移能力显著降低（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F4">图4</xref>。Transwell迁移实验同样表明，Honokiol组细胞迁移穿膜的数量明显减少，迁移能力降低（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">图5</xref>A。Transwell侵袭实验中，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol组HGC-27、AGS细胞穿过基质胶的数量明显减少，侵袭能力降低（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">图5</xref>B。Western blot结果显示，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol组两株细胞上皮细胞标志蛋白E-cadherin表达均上调（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001），间质表型标志蛋白N-cadherin、Vimentin表达均下调（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05），见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F5">图5</xref>C。上述结果表明Honokiol能够通过调控上皮-间质转化相关分子，来抑制GC细胞的迁移和侵袭能力。</p><fig position="float" id="F4"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.005.F004</object-id><label>图4</label><caption><title>细胞划痕实验检测Honokiol对GC细胞迁移的影响   ×40</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.4</label><title>The effect of Honokiol on the migration of GC cells was detected by cell scratch assay   ×40</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p><sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01， <sup>***</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001， <sup>****</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.000 1 <italic>vs</italic> 0 μmol/L group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F004.eps" id="Graphic4"><?fx-imagestate width="131.93890381" height="126.64722443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F004.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="131.93890381" height="126.64722443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F004c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="131.93890381" height="126.64722443"?></graphic></alternatives></fig><fig position="float" id="F5"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.005.F005</object-id><label>图5</label><caption><title>Honokiol对GC细胞迁移、侵袭的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.5</label><title>The effects of Honokiol on the migration and invasion of GC cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A，B： Migration and invasion of HGC-27 and AGS cells was detected by Transwell migration assay and quantification charts showed the statistical results of it   ×200； C： Migration and invasion proteins of HGC-27 and AGS cells were detected by Western blot assay； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05， <sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01， <sup>***</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001， <sup>****</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.000 1 <italic>vs</italic> 0 μmol/L group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F005.eps" id="Graphic5"><?fx-imagestate width="163.68890381" height="198.26109314"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F005.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="163.68890381" height="198.26109314"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F005c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="163.68890381" height="198.26109314"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2d"><label>2.4</label><title>Honokiol对GC细胞ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3通路的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">Western blot结果显示，与对照组相比，15、25 μmol/L Honokiol处理可使两株细胞的ERS通路相关蛋白ATF4、CHOP和TRIB3的表达水平均上调（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）。这一结果提示Honokiol可通过激活ERS中ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3这一信号通路来抑制GC细胞的恶性生物学行为。见<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">图6</xref>。</p><fig position="float" id="F6"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.005.F006</object-id><label>图6</label><caption><title>Honokiol对GC细胞ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3通路的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.6</label><title>The effects of Honokiol on the ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3 pathway in GC cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p><sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05， <sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01， <sup>***</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.001， <sup>****</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.000 1 <italic>vs</italic> 0 μmol/L group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F006.eps" id="Graphic6"><?fx-imagestate width="125.23609924" height="119.23889923"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F006.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="125.23609924" height="119.23889923"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/3C17A3C9-E2EA-4bbe-9CEC-0194D5E911B6-F006c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="125.23609924" height="119.23889923"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><label>3</label><title>讨论</title><p>GC是源自胃黏膜上皮的恶性肿瘤，是一种复杂且异质的疾病。尽管在过去的几十年里全球胃癌的发病率和病死率总体呈下降趋势，但GC在中国的所有癌症类型中发病率和病死率均排名第三<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R7">7</xref>］</sup>。目前，GC的整体治疗效果不佳，中位生存期仍然较低，大多数患者被诊断为晚期，传统胃癌治疗的临床疗效有限。而随着对胃癌发病机制的理解不断加深，新治疗方案需求不断增加，药物治疗已成为主要手段<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R8">8</xref>］</sup>。传统放、化疗疗效有限、预后差、副作用多，因此，新型靶向药物和治疗策略是提高GC治疗效果的关键。基于中药具有低毒、多靶点、轻微副作用和良好治疗效果等优点，近年来，中药提取物或单体成分在GC中的潜在调控机制得到了广泛验证，这些机制有效地调节了GC细胞生存所涉及的多个靶点和途径<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R9">9</xref>］</sup>。</p><p>Honokiol是一种生物活性天然小分子化合物，具有多种药理特性，包括抗炎、抗血管生成、抗肿瘤等活性，并展现出广谱的抗微生物和抗真菌作用<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R10">10</xref>］</sup>。在多种肿瘤模型中，Honokiol均展现出了明显的，抑制肿瘤进展的效果，其分子机制涉及广泛，例如，通过ROS介导的p53/Cyclin D1/CDK6/CDK4/E2F1通路、p53/PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路以及ERS等信号途径来抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等恶性表型<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>］</sup>。然而，目前关于Honokiol在GC中抗肿瘤作用及其潜在分子机制的报道非常有限。本研究通过体外实验证实了Honokiol对GC细胞恶性表型的显著抑制作用。结果表明，Honokiol能够明显促进GC细胞系HGC-27和AGS的凋亡，抑制其增殖、迁移和侵袭能力，这与Honokiol在其他癌种中的抗肿瘤效应一致。说明Honokiol抑制了GC细胞的上皮-间质转化过程并诱导了细胞凋亡，从而在整体上遏制了GC细胞的恶性进展。以上研究为Honokiol作为潜在抗GC药物提供了实验依据，但其在体内的实际效果仍需进一步验证。</p><p>ERS是细胞应对各种生理病理刺激（如缺氧、葡萄糖剥夺、肿瘤负荷等）的应激反应，可通过多条途径诱导细胞凋亡<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R13">13</xref>］</sup>。其中，经典的蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶（protein kinase R like endoplasmic reticulum kinase，PERK）通路是ERS作用机制之一：应激状态下，PERK被激活，进而磷酸化真核翻译起始因子2α（eIF2α），导致蛋白质合成受抑并促使ATF4表达上调；ATF4随后诱导下游的凋亡相关转录因子CHOP和效应分子TRIB3的表达，最终触发细胞凋亡程序<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R14">14</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R15">15</xref>］</sup>。研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R16">16</xref>］</sup>表明，ERS信号通路的紊乱与GC的发生发展及转移密切相关，针对该通路的干预有望成为胃癌治疗新策略。然而，此前关于Honokiol通过诱导ERS来发挥抗胃癌活性的研究尚属鲜见。本研究结果提示，Honokiol处理能够显著上调GC细胞中ATF4、CHOP和TRIB3的表达水平，提示Honokiol促进GC细胞凋亡并抑制其增殖、迁移和侵袭，从而抑制GC细胞恶性进程，可能与ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3通路的激活相关。这一发现揭示了Honokiol抗GC作用的新机制，即通过调控肿瘤细胞内的应激反应通路实现对肿瘤细胞的控制。其中，CHOP作为ERS诱导细胞凋亡的关键转录因子，能够抑制Bcl-2等抗凋亡蛋白的表达并激活Bax等促凋亡因子的活化，而TRIB3则是CHOP的下游靶基因，在放大ERS介导的细胞死亡信号中发挥重要作用。因此，Honokiol上调CHOP和TRIB3的作用机制与该研究在细胞水平观察到的凋亡增加及增殖、迁移和侵袭降低的现象相吻合。但其更深的潜在分子机制，将通过找到Honokiol激活ESR信号通路影响的下游靶点及其与GC进程的关系进一步阐明。</p><p>综上所述，Honokiol抑制GC细胞恶性进程，可能与ATF4/CHOP/TRIB3通路的激活相关。靶向该信号通路有望成为GC治疗的一个新思路。本研究为Honokiol应用于GC治疗提供了新的理论依据。后续将通过通路抑制剂或基因敲低/敲除技术进一步验证因果关系，深入验证该通路在Honokiol抗胃癌作用中的核心地位。并探索其与现有化疗药物联合应用的潜在增效作用，以期为GC患者提供新的治疗策略。</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>参考文献</title><ref id="R1"><label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="journal" publication-format="print" xml:lang="en"><person-group><name name-style="eastern"><surname>Lei</surname><given-names>Z N</given-names></name>， <name 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