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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="zh" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/xsd/JATS-journalpublishing1.xsd"><front><journal-meta><!-- 出版商赋予期刊ID--><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">YIKE</journal-id><journal-title-group><!-- 期刊中文全称--><journal-title>安徽医科大学学报</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文全称--><journal-title xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</journal-title><!-- 期刊英文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher" xml:lang="en">Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui</abbrev-journal-title><!-- 期刊中文缩写--><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">安徽医科大学学报</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group><!-- 期刊ISSN号--><issn pub-type="ppub">1000-1492</issn><!-- 期刊CN号--><issn pub-type="cn">34-1065/R</issn><publisher><!--出版商英文名称【预置实体】 待确认 --><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Anhui Lianzhong Printing Limited Company</publisher-name><!--出版商英文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc xml:lang="en">Editorial Board of Acta Universitatis Medi-cinalis Anhui Meishan Road , Hefei 230032</publisher-loc><!-- 出版商中文名称【预置实体】--><publisher-name>《安徽医科大学学报》编辑部</publisher-name><!--出版商中文地址【预置实体】 --><publisher-loc>安徽省合肥市安徽医科大学校内老图书馆三楼</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1000–1492（2026）05–0845–10</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05 007</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">V274-许浩宸-厚朴酚酯衍生物</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="clc"><subject>R 961</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="dc"><subject>A</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>基础医学研究</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>评价厚朴酚酯衍生物YW抗炎活性并探究其对软骨细胞衰老的影响机制</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the magnolol ester derivative YW and investigate its mechanism of action on chondrocyte senescence</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>许</surname><given-names>浩宸</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Xu</surname><given-names>Haochen</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>彭</surname><given-names>杰</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peng</surname><given-names>Jie</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>杨</surname><given-names>娉婷</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yang</surname><given-names>Pingting</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>张</surname><given-names>美花</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Meihua</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>胡</surname><given-names>伟文</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hu</surname><given-names>Weiwen</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>王</surname><given-names>旭蕾</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Xulei</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>魏</surname><given-names>伟</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wei</surname><given-names>Wei</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>王</surname><given-names>春</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Chun</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor2"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" deceased="yes" corresp="yes">  <name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern"><surname>严</surname><given-names>尚学</given-names></name><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yan</surname><given-names>Shangxue</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor3"/><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="fna4"/></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><label>1</label><institution>安徽医科大学药学科学学院临床药理研究所，抗炎免疫药物教育部重点实验室</institution>，<city>合肥</city>  <postal-code>230032</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>1</label><institution>Institute of Clinical Pharmacology， School of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Anhui Medical University， Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines， Ministry of Education</institution>，<city>Hefei</city>  <postal-code>230032</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><label>2</label><institution>安徽医科大学实验动物中心</institution>，<city>合肥</city>  <postal-code>230032</postal-code></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><label>2</label><institution>Experimental Animal Center， Anhui Medical University</institution>， <city>Hefei</city>  <postal-code>230032</postal-code></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><author-notes><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna1"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">许浩宸</named-content>，男，硕士研究生</p></fn><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna2"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">魏  伟</named-content>，男，教授，博士生导师，通信作者，E-mail：<email>wwei@ ahmu.edu.cn</email></p></fn><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna3"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">王  春</named-content>，男，副教授，硕士生导师，通信作者，E-mail：<email>wangchun@ahmu.edu.cn</email></p></fn><fn fn-type="other" specific-use="about-author" id="fna4"><p><named-content content-type="corresp-name">严尚学</named-content>，男，研究员，硕士生导师，通信作者，E-mail：<email>yan-shx@163.com</email></p></fn><corresp id="cor1" xml:lang="en"><named-content content-type="corresp-name">Wei Wei</named-content>， E-mail： <email>wwei@ahmu.edu.cn</email></corresp><corresp id="cor2" xml:lang="en"><named-content content-type="corresp-name">Wang Chun</named-content>， E-mail： <email>wangchun@ahmu.edu.cn</email></corresp><corresp id="cor3" xml:lang="en"><named-content content-type="corresp-name">Yan Shangxue</named-content>， E-mail： <email>yan-shx@163.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-16T11：57：11"><day>16</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date>      <history><date date-type="received">       <day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date>  </history><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-id>16</issue-id><fpage>845</fpage><lpage>854</lpage><page-range>845-854</page-range><abstract abstract-type="key-points"><sec><title>目的</title><p>评价新型厚朴酚酯衍生物（YW）的抗炎活性，并探究其对软骨细胞衰老的作用及初步机制。</p></sec><sec><title>方法</title><p>以厚朴酚和对甲基苯甲酸为原料，经DCC/DMAP催化酯化合成厚朴酚酯衍生物YW［分子式C<sub>26</sub>H<sub>24</sub>O<sub>3</sub>，分子量384.17，高效液相色谱（HPLC）纯度&gt;96%］。CCK-8法评估细胞毒作用；建立脂多糖（LPS）诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞活化模型及白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）诱导大鼠原代软骨细胞模型，采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、格里斯试剂（Griess）、实时荧光定量反转录PCR（RT-qPCR）法检测炎症因子一氧化氮（NO）、IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、IL-6的释放及mRNA的表达，采用蛋白质免疫印迹（WB）法分析诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）、白细胞介素-1β前体（Pro-IL-1β）、赖氨酸乙酰转移酶7（KAT7）、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂1A（p21）、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂2A（p16）等衰老标志物及软骨细胞基质合成与分解代谢蛋白的表达；利用Discovery Studio 2019进行分子对接验证靶点结合。</p></sec><sec><title>结果</title><p>YW在≤20 μmol/L浓度下无显著细胞毒性；YW抑制LPS诱导的巨噬细胞炎症因子释放，显著下调iNOS、Pro-IL-1β蛋白表达及炎症因子mRNA的表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）；YW可以与KAT7蛋白稳定结合（结合能为-94.2 kcal/mol）；YW在自然衰老及IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞模型中下调KAT7及衰老标志物蛋白的表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）；YW在IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞中调控软骨细胞基质合成与分解代谢蛋白的表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）。</p></sec><sec><title>结论</title><p>YW抑制巨噬细胞活化及炎症因子释放，同时下调软骨细胞中KAT7及衰老标志物蛋白表达，阻断软骨细胞衰老。</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract abstract-type="key-points" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the novel magnolol ester derivative YW and to investigate its effects on chondrocyte senescence and preliminary mechanisms.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Magnolol and p-methylbenzoic acid were used as raw materials to synthesize the magnolol ester derivative YW （Molecular Formula： C<sub>26</sub>H<sub>24</sub>O<sub>3</sub>， Molecular Weight： 384.17， HPLC Purity &gt;96%） <italic>via</italic> DCC/DMAP-catalyzed esterification. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. A lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced RAW264.7 macrophage activation model and an interleukin-1β （IL-1β）-induced rat primary chondrocyte model were established. The release and mRNA expression of inflammatory factors including nitric oxide （NO）， IL-1β， tumor necrosis factor-alpha （TNF-α）， and IL-6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， Griess reagent method， and quantitative real-time PCR （RT-qPCR）. The expression of senescence markers such as inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）， pro-interleukin-1β （pro-IL-1β）， lysine acetyltransferase 7 （KAT7）， cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A （p21）， and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A （p16）， as well as proteins related to chondrocyte extracellular matrix synthesis and catabolism， were analyzed by Western blot （WB）. Molecular docking was performed using Discovery Studio 2019 to validate target binding.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>YW exhibited no significant cytotoxicity at concentrations ≤20 μmol/L. YW concentration-dependently inhibited LPS-induced macrophage inflammatory cytokine release， significantly downregulated iNOS， Pro-IL-1β protein， and inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression （<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）. YW stably bound to KAT7 protein （binding energy： -94.2 kcal/mol）； YW downregulated KAT7 and aging marker protein expression in naturally aged and IL-1β-induced chondrocyte models （<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）； YW regulated chondrocyte matrix synthesis and catabolic protein expression in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes （<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>YW inhibits macrophage activation and inflammatory cytokine release while downregulating KAT7 and senescence marker protein expression in chondrocytes， thereby blocking chondrocyte senescence.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>厚朴酚酯衍生物</kwd><kwd>巨噬细胞</kwd><kwd>软骨细胞</kwd><kwd>抗炎</kwd><kwd>衰老</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en" kwd-group-type="author"><kwd>magnolol ester derivatives</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>chondrocytes</kwd><kwd>anti-inflammation</kwd><kwd>senescence</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source>安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目</funding-source><award-id>2023s07020003</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>安徽省转化医学研究院科研基金重点项目</funding-source><award-id>2023zhyx-B14</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目（编号：2023s07020003）；安徽省转化医学研究院科研基金重点项目（编号：2023zhyx-B14）</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><award-group><funding-source>Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province</funding-source><award-id>2023s07020003</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source>Research Project of Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine</funding-source><award-id>2023zhyx-B14</award-id></award-group><funding-statement>Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province（No. 2023s07020003）；Research Project of Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine（No.2023zhyx-B14）</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="12"/><table-count count="1"/><equation-count count="0"/><ref-count count="14"/><page-count count="10"/><word-count count="18920"/></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>version</meta-name><meta-value>1.0.0.25091</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>structure-time</meta-name><meta-value>2026-06-30T11:07:45</meta-value></custom-meta><custom-meta><meta-name>word-source</meta-name><meta-value>FX</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front><body><p>骨关节炎（osteoarthritis， OA）是一种高度致残的慢性关节疾病，临床上缺少有效治疗药物<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R1">1</xref>］</sup>。OA的发展涉及软骨基质代谢失衡和炎症反应，关节内衰老细胞也发挥着重要作用，软骨细胞衰老导致合成功能减退，加速软骨退变<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R2">2</xref>］</sup>；同时，关节腔内巨噬细胞异常活化，释放大量肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α， TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6， IL-6）等炎症因子，形成慢性炎症微环境，进一步破坏关节稳态<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R3">3</xref>］</sup>。研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R4">4</xref>］</sup>表明，赖氨酸乙酰转移酶7（lysineacetyltransferase 7， KAT7）是驱动细胞衰老的关键因子。OA的病理进展与KAT7介导的细胞衰老及慢性炎症微环境密切相关<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R5">5</xref>］</sup>。然而，现有KAT7抑制剂虽可延缓衰老，但对炎症因子的抑制作用有限，且存在治疗窗口狭窄的问题<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R6">6</xref>］</sup>。天然产物因其多靶点特性成为潜在突破口，厚朴酚作为中药厚朴的主要活性成分，能有效抑制核因子κB/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（nuclear factor-κB/mitogen-activated protein kinase， NF-κB/MAPK）通路并降低炎症因子水平<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R7">7</xref>］</sup>。该研究基于厚朴酚结构，通过关键基团修饰设计合成厚朴酚酯衍生物（YW），旨在考察YW的抗炎活性以及对关节软骨细胞衰老的作用及初步机制， 为将YW开发为OA治疗药物提供初步的实验依据。</p><sec id="s1"><label>1</label><title>材料与方法</title><sec id="s1a"><label>1.1</label><title>材料</title><sec id="s1a1"><label>1.1.1</label><title>实验动物</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">4只4周龄雄性SD大鼠，体质量70～100 g，购自安徽省实验动物中心［许可证编号：SCXK（皖）2022-006］，动物伦理审查编号为PZ-2025-018。</p></sec><sec id="s1a2"><label>1.1.2</label><title>主要试剂</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">厚朴酚（货号：528-43-8）、对甲基苯甲酸（货号：99-94-5）购自上海麦克林公司；GAPDH抗体购自美国Affinity公司（货号：AF7021）；KAT7抗体（货号：13751-1-AP）、白细胞介素-1β前体（pro-interleukin-1β， Pro-IL-1β）抗体（货号：16806-1-AP）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（inducible nitric oxide synthase， iNOS）抗体（货号：22226-1-AP）、基质金属蛋白酶13（matrix metalloproteinase 13， MMP13）抗体（货号：18165-1-AP）、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂1A（cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A， p21）抗体（货号：10355-1-AP）、兔二抗（货号：SA00001-2）购自武汉三鹰生物技术有限公司；细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂2A（cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A， p16）抗体（货号：ab51243）、SRY-Box转录因子9（SRY-Box transcription factor 9， Sox9）抗体（货号：ab185966）、Runt相关转录因子2（Runt-related transcription factor 2， Runx2）抗体（货号：ab192256）购自英国Abcam公司；CCK-8试剂盒购自安徽白鲨生物科技有限公司；ELISA试剂盒购自深圳达科为生物技术有限公司；一氧化氮（nitric oxide， NO）试剂盒购自上海碧云天生物技术有限公司；Freezol reagent试剂盒购自南京诺唯赞生物科技有限公司；IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6引物序列由安徽通用生物有限公司合成；脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide， LPS）购自北京索莱宝科技有限公司。</p></sec><sec id="s1a3"><label>1.1.3</label><title>实验仪器</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">Infinite M1000 Pro全波长多功能酶标仪（型号：Infinite M1000 PRO）购自瑞士Tecan公司；Tanon超灵敏化学发光成像仪（型号：Tanon 4600）购自上海天能生命科学有限公司；艾本德离心机（型号：Centrifuge 5810）购自德国Eppendorf公司；正置荧光显微镜（型号：DM48）购自德国Leica公司；高效液相色谱质谱联用仪（型号：Alliance E2695）购自美国Agilent公司。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s1b"><label>1.2</label><title>实验方法</title><sec id="s1b1"><label>1.2.1</label><title>YW的合成</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">反应瓶中加入2.67 g厚朴酚、1.36 g对甲基苯甲酸、62 mg 4-二甲氨基吡啶（4-dimethylaminopyridine， DMAP）、2.06 g N，N'-二环己基碳二亚胺（N，N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide， DCC），进行无水无氧换气处理，加入20 mL无水二氯甲烷（dichloromethane， DCM），充分混匀溶解，室温搅拌12 h。反应结束后，先用硅藻土抽滤，再用乙酸乙酯萃取，分别用饱和硫酸氢钾溶液、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液、饱和食盐水，依次洗涤，收集有机相并用无水碳酸钠干燥，旋干，然后进行硅胶柱层析石油醚（petroleum ethe， PE）∶乙酸乙酯（ethyl acetate， EA）=30∶1分离纯化，可得到白色固体（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">图1</xref>）。</p><fig position="float" id="F1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F001</object-id><label>图1</label><caption><title>YW的合成路线</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.1</label><title>Design and synthesis of YW</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F001.eps" id="Graphic1"><?fx-imagestate width="140.40554810" height="34.21944427"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="140.40554810" height="34.21944427"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="140.40554810" height="34.21944427"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s1b2"><label>1.2.2</label><title>RAW264.7细胞培养与分组</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">实验开始前配制YW溶液，取3.84 mg YW，使用100 μL二甲基亚砜（dimethyl sulfoxide， DMSO）溶液溶解，得到终浓度为100 mmol/L的母液，用0.22 μm滤膜过滤，-20 ℃保存。将RAW264.7细胞培养于含10%胎牛血清的高糖DMEM培养基，置于条件为37 ℃、5%CO<sub>2</sub>的培养箱。将细胞随机分为：NC组、LPS组、LPS+YW低浓度组（LPS +5 μmol/L YW）、LPS+YW中浓度组（LPS +10 μmol/L YW）、LPS+YW高浓度组（LPS +20 μmol/L YW）。先用YW预处理2 h，再用1 μmol/L LPS刺激24 h，随后在光镜下观察各组细胞的形态变化并计数，检查各组指标变化并收集数据。</p></sec><sec id="s1b3"><label>1.2.3</label><title>软骨细胞的分离、培养与分组</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">从4周龄SD大鼠的膝骨软骨中分离出原代软骨细胞。将大鼠CO<sub>2</sub>梯度处死后，无菌条件下获取双侧股骨及胫骨软骨，PBS冲洗3次，剪碎为1 mm<sup>3</sup>左右的软骨碎片后，用巴氏吸管转移至15 mL离心管中，离心去除上层PBS，用0.2%Ⅱ型胶原酶重悬，37 ℃消化6 h后用20 μm细胞滤器过滤消化液，1 000 r/min离心5 min，弃上清液，加入10%血清的DMEM/F12培养基重悬细胞，后将细胞悬液转移至预先加有培养基的25 cm<sup>2</sup>的培养瓶中37 ℃培养。大鼠软骨细胞培养在添加有10％胎牛血清的DMEM/F12培养基中，10 ng/mL IL-1β诱导与药物同步化培养48 h，培养条件为37 ℃、5%CO<sub>2</sub>。细胞分组为：p2组、p10组、p10+ 5 μmol/L YW组、p10+ 10 μmol/L YW组、p10+ 20 μmol/L YW组、NC组、IL-1β组、IL-1β+YW低浓度组（5 μmol/L YW+IL-1β）、IL-1β+YW中浓度组（10 μmol/L YW+IL-1β）、IL-1β+YW高浓度组（20 μmol/L YW+IL-1β）。</p></sec><sec id="s1b4"><label>1.2.4</label><title>软骨细胞的鉴定</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">用二型胶原（Col Ⅱ）免疫荧光染色与甲苯胺蓝染色进行软骨细胞鉴定。采用细胞爬片技术，细胞贴壁后取出盖玻片，4%多聚甲醛固定20 min，3%过氧化氢室温下孵育10 min，5%BSA封闭10 min，滴加Col Ⅱ一抗，4 ℃过夜。复温后滴加荧光二抗，室温下孵育2 h，DAPI染色8 min，滴加抗荧光淬灭剂，指甲油封片。4%多聚甲醛固定后用甲苯胺蓝染色5 min，梯度乙醇脱水后常温干燥，中性树胶封片。</p></sec><sec id="s1b5"><label>1.2.5</label><title>CCK-8实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">将RAW264.7细胞和大鼠原代软骨细胞按照1×10<sup>4</sup>个/孔接种于96孔板中过夜培养，进行对应处理后，弃原液，加入含10％CCK-8溶液的完全培养基，在37 ℃、5％CO<sub>2</sub>环境中孵育2 h，采用酶标仪检测吸光度（absorbance， <italic>A</italic>）值，选择波长为450 nm，记录实验结果，并绘制细胞增殖活性曲线。</p></sec><sec id="s1b6"><label>1.2.6</label><title>ELISA测定细胞上清液中IL-6、TNF-α的含量</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">分组培养24 h，取出各组细胞上清液，按照ELISA试剂盒中说明书的要求进行操作，最后使用酶标仪进行检测，测得的数据经软件处理。</p></sec><sec id="s1b7"><label>1.2.7</label><title>Griess法检测NO含量</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">取一定量的细胞上清液，1 000 r/min离心5 min，去除杂质，取上清液备用。将样品与Griess试剂混合，通常按1∶1比例加入试剂A和试剂B，在室温下孵育样品，时间一般为15～30 min。使用分光光度计在540 nm波长下测定样品<italic>A</italic>值，根据标准曲线计算样品中NO的含量。</p></sec><sec id="s1b8"><label>1.2.8</label><title>分子对接</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">采用分子对接技术预测YW与KAT7之间的结合作用。首先，从蛋白质结构数据库（protein data bank， PDB）中下载KAT7的晶体结构，存为pdb文件。随后对蛋白质结构进行预处理，包括提取原始配体小分子作为参考、去除水分子、添加氢原子、优化侧链氨基酸的质子化状态，得到适用于分子对接的、能量最低的稳定三维结构。同时，从ChemDraw软件中画出YW的二维化学结构式，并将其导入DS 2019中，进行能量最小化处理和三维结构优化，获得其最稳定的构象，并准备好作为对接配体。在DS 2019中，将预处理后的KAT7蛋白结构设置为受体，YW分子设置为配体，定义活性口袋。采用LibDock对接算法进行分子对接模拟，计算YW与KAT7蛋白之间的结合模式和亲和力。</p></sec><sec id="s1b9"><label>1.2.9</label><title>蛋白免疫印迹（Western blot， WB）实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">收集LPS及药物干预后的RAW264.7细胞和IL-1β及药物干预后的软骨细胞，提取细胞总蛋白，电泳、转膜、封闭，分别加入GAPDH（1∶5 000）、KAT7（1∶1 000）、p16（1∶1 000）、p21（1∶1 000）、iNOS（1∶1 000）、Pro-IL-1β（1∶1 000）、Sox9（1∶1 000）等一抗孵育过夜；再分别加入对应的二抗（1∶10 000），37 ℃孵育2 h，洗膜，显影。ImageJ软件分析灰度值并进行统计分析。</p></sec><sec id="s1b10"><label>1.2.10</label><title>RT-qPCR实验</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">Freezol reagent试剂裂解细胞后提取总RNA，进行RNA浓度及纯度鉴定，使<italic>A</italic>值在1.8~2.1之间，并在反转录系统中逆转录为cDNA。依据SYBGREEN PCR试剂盒进行定量分析，终体积10 μL。引物序列见<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">表1</xref>。每个样本设置3个复孔，设置GAPDH为内参对照进行校正，用 2<sup>-ΔΔ</sup><italic><sup>C</sup></italic><inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M1"><mml:msub><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">T</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-M001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.26999998" height="4.23333359"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-M001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.26999998" height="4.23333359"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>计算目的基因的相对表达量。</p><table-wrap id="T1"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.T001</object-id><label>表1</label><caption><p>引物序列</p></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Tab.1</label><title>Primer sequences</title></abstract><alternatives><table id="Table1"><thead><tr><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Gene</th><th align="left" style="border-top:solid;border-bottom:solid;">Sequence （5′-3′）</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr align="center"><td align="left"><italic>IL-1β</italic></td><td align="left">F： GCAACTGTTCCTGAACTCAACT</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="left">R： ATCTTTTGGGGTCCGTCAACT</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"><italic>TNF-α</italic></td><td align="left">F： CCTGTAGCCCACGTCGTAG</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="left">R： GGGAGTAGACAAGGTACAACCC</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"><italic>IL-6</italic></td><td align="left">F： TAGTCCTTCCTACCCCAATTTCC</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"/><td align="left">R： TTGGTCCTTAGCCACTCCTTC</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left"><italic>β-actin</italic></td><td align="left">F： GGCTGTATTCCCCTCCATCG</td></tr><tr align="center"><td align="left" style="border-bottom:solid;"/><td align="left" style="border-bottom:solid;">R： CCAGTTGGTAACAATGCCATGT</td></tr></tbody></table><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-T001.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="41.34600830"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-T001c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="81.19583130" height="41.34600830"?></graphic></alternatives></table-wrap></sec></sec><sec id="s1c"><label>1.3</label><title>统计学处理</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析，所有数据均符合正态分布，结果用<inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math id="M2"><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>x</mml:mi><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:math><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-M002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-M002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="1.77800000" height="2.62466669"?></graphic></alternatives></inline-formula>±<italic>s</italic>表示，多组间比较采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA），组间差异经Tukey事后检验进行两两比较，<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05为差异有统计学意义。</p></sec></sec><sec id="s2"><label>2</label><title>结果</title><sec id="s2a"><label>2.1</label><title>目标化合物的合成与鉴定</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">合成了未见文献报道的厚朴酚酯衍生物YW，其结构通过HR-MS 、<sup>13</sup>C NMR、<sup>1</sup>H NMR、HPLC得到证实，图谱数据、化合物结构及理化性质如下（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">2</xref>-<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F6">6</xref>）。</p><fig position="float" id="F2"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F002</object-id><label>图2</label><caption><title>YW的化学结构式</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.2</label><title>Chemical structure of YW</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F002.eps" id="Graphic2"><?fx-imagestate width="73.73055267" height="33.51388931"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F002.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="73.73055267" height="33.51388931"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F002c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="73.73055267" height="33.51388931"?></graphic></alternatives></fig><fig position="float" id="F3"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F003</object-id><label>图3</label><caption><title>YW高分辨质谱图</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.3</label><title>High-resolution mass spectrum of YW</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F003.eps" id="Graphic3"><?fx-imagestate width="156.28054810" height="71.61388397"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F003.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="156.28054810" height="71.61388397"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F003c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="156.28054810" height="71.61388397"?></graphic></alternatives></fig><fig position="float" id="F4"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F004</object-id><label>图4</label><caption><title>YW核磁共振碳谱图</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.4</label><title>Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of YW</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F004.eps" id="Graphic4"><?fx-imagestate width="130.17500305" height="83.96111298"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F004.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="130.17500305" height="83.96111298"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F004c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="130.17500305" height="83.96111298"?></graphic></alternatives></fig><fig position="float" id="F5"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F005</object-id><label>图5</label><caption><title>YW核磁共振氢谱图</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.5</label><title>¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of YW</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F005.eps" id="Graphic5"><?fx-imagestate width="132.99722290" height="92.42777252"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F005.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="132.99722290" height="92.42777252"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F005c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="132.99722290" height="92.42777252"?></graphic></alternatives></fig><fig position="float" id="F6"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F006</object-id><label>图6</label><caption><title>YW高效液相色谱图</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.6</label><title>High-performance liquid chromatogram of YW</title></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F006.eps" id="Graphic6"><?fx-imagestate width="145.69721985" height="78.66944885"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F006.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="145.69721985" height="78.66944885"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F006c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="145.69721985" height="78.66944885"?></graphic></alternatives></fig><p>5， 5'-二烯丙基-2'-羟基-［1， 1'-联苯］-2-基 4-甲基苯甲酸酯，白色固体，产率80%。 <sup>1</sup>H NMR（600 MHz，Chloroformd） δ 7.85（d，J=8.2 Hz，3 H），7.30（d，J=8.3 Hz，1 H），7.25（d，J=8.1 Hz，3 H），7.19（d，J=7.9 Hz，3 H），6.98（d，J=7.6 Hz，3 H）， 6.84（d，J= 8.6 Hz，1 H），6.00（ddt，J= 16.8，10.0，6.8 Hz， 2 H），5.89-5.77（m，1 H），5.18-5.09（m， 1 H），4.99-4.91（m， 2 H），2.39（s，5 H）. <sup>13</sup>C NMR（151 MHz， Chloroform-d） δ 165.63，151.33，147.20，144.48，138.70，137.79，136.92，131.89，131.81，130.75，130.23，130.18，129.73，129.73，129.71，129.71，129.24，126.38，123.87，123.27，116.59，116.19，115.57，39.71，39.33，21.85.HRMS calculated for C<sub>26</sub>H<sub>24</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>［M + H］<sup>+ </sup>385.172 54， found 385.179 05.</p></sec><sec id="s2b"><label>2.2</label><title>YW与KAT7的对接分析</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">分子对接技术预测YW与KAT7之间的潜在结合作用。对接结果显示，YW与KAT7蛋白之间的结合能为-94.2 kcal/mol。该结果表明，YW可以与KAT7稳定结合（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F7">图7</xref>）。</p><fig position="float" id="F7"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F007</object-id><label>图7</label><caption><title>YW与KAT7蛋白分子对接图</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.7</label><title>Docking diagram of YW and KAT7 protein</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： Three-dimensional structure diagram of docking of YW and KAT7 protein； B： Two-dimensional structure diagram showed the interaction between YW and KAT7 protein.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F007.eps" id="Graphic7"><?fx-imagestate width="71.26111603" height="103.71666718"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F007.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="71.26111603" height="103.71666718"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F007c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="71.26111603" height="103.71666718"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2c"><label>2.3</label><title>软骨细胞的形态学观察及鉴定</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">采用两步酶消化法分离的原代软骨细胞在初始状态下呈球形，处于悬浮状态，细胞大小</p><p>均一且折光性良好。细胞贴壁后，形态主要表现为圆形、椭圆形或短梭形，并可观察到聚集现象。经Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色鉴定，细胞群体均呈现红色阳染信号。此外，对3代以内的阳性软骨细胞进行甲苯胺蓝染色，结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F8">图8</xref>）细胞内存在蓝紫色异染颗粒。</p><fig position="float" id="F8"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F008</object-id><label>图8</label><caption><title>原代大鼠软骨细胞的鉴定    ×10</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.8</label><title>Identification of primary rat chondrocytes    ×10</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： Col II staining； B： Benzidine blue staining.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F008.eps" id="Graphic8"><?fx-imagestate width="70.20277405" height="35.63055801"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F008.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="70.20277405" height="35.63055801"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F008c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="70.20277405" height="35.63055801"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2d"><label>2.4</label><title>YW对RAW264.7细胞及软骨细胞活力的影响</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">以一定浓度梯度（10、20、30、40、50、60 μmol/L）的YW干预RAW264.7细胞24 h及软骨细胞48 h后，加入CCK-8试剂，检测结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F9">图9</xref>）YW抑制RAW264.7细胞及软骨细胞的活力，当浓度≤20 μmol/L时，YW对RAW264.7细胞及软骨细胞活力几乎无影响，而当浓度达到40 μmol/L时，YW显著抑制RAW264.7细胞活力；当浓度达到30 μmol/L时，YW显著抑制软骨细胞活力（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）。</p><fig position="float" id="F9"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F009</object-id><label>图9</label><caption><title>YW对RAW264.7细胞及软骨细胞活力的影响</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.9</label><title>The effects of YW on the activity of RAW264.7 cells and chondrocytes</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： Cell viability of RAW264.7 cells after 24-hour treatment with different concentrations of YW； B： Cell viability of chondrocyte after 48-hour treatment with different concentrations of YW； <sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0. 01 <italic>vs</italic> 0 μmol/L YW.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F009.eps" id="Graphic9"><?fx-imagestate width="120.65000153" height="58.56111145"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F009.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="120.65000153" height="58.56111145"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F009c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="120.65000153" height="58.56111145"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2e"><label>2.5</label><title>YW抑制LPS刺激诱导的RAW264.7细胞活化</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">ELISA和Griess实验结果表明（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F10">10</xref>A-<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F10">10</xref>C），LPS刺激组RAW264.7细胞分泌的 IL-6、TNF-α、NO明显高于NC组 （<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）。给予YW后，YW （5、10、20 μmol/L）显著抑制IL-6、TNF-α、NO的生成（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）；RT-qPCR实验结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F10">图10</xref>D），与LPS组相比，YW（10、20 μmol/L）显著抑制炎症因子<italic>IL-1β</italic>、<italic>IL-6</italic>、<italic>TNF-α</italic> mRNA的表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）；YW低剂量组的<italic>IL-1β</italic>和<italic>TNF-α</italic>的mRNA表达差异无统计学意义；WB实验结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F10">图10</xref>E），与LPS组相比，YW（10、20 μmol/L）显著抑制炎症因子iNOS、Pro-IL-1β蛋白表达（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）。以上实验结果表明，YW可以下调致炎因子水平，发挥一定的抗炎作用。</p><fig position="float" id="F10"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F010</object-id><label>图10</label><caption><title>YW抑制LPS刺激诱导的RAW264.7细胞活化</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.10</label><title>YW inhibited LPS stimulation-induced activation of RAW264.7 cells</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A： The effects of YW on IL-6 release； B： The effects of YW on TNF-α release； C： The effects of YW on NO release； D：The effects of different concentrations of YW on mRNA expression of <italic>IL</italic>-<italic>1β</italic>， <italic>IL</italic>-<italic>6</italic>， and <italic>TNF</italic>-<italic>α</italic> in each group； E： Western blot was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of YW on the protein expression levels of iNOS and Pro-IL-1β in each group； a： NC group；b： LPS group；c： LPS group+YW 5 μmol/L；d： LPS group+YW 10 μmol/L；e： LPS group+YW 20 μmol/L； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05，<sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01 <italic>vs </italic>LPS group； <sup>##</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01 <italic>vs</italic> NC group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F010.eps" id="Graphic10"><?fx-imagestate width="147.81390381" height="110.77222443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F010.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="147.81390381" height="110.77222443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F010c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="147.81390381" height="110.77222443"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2f"><label>2.6</label><title>YW在大鼠p10代软骨细胞衰老模型中抑制KAT7及衰老标志物的蛋白表达</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">WB实验结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F11">图11</xref>A），与p2代相比，p10代大鼠软骨细胞中KAT7、p21及p16蛋白表达升高（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05）。经梯度浓度化合物YW处理48 h后（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F11">图11</xref>B），高浓度组（20 μmol/L）KAT7及衰老相关蛋白p21、p16的表达下降（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）；低浓度组虽表现出下降趋势，但差异未达到统计学显著性。</p><fig position="float" id="F11"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F011</object-id><label>图11</label><caption><title>YW抑制自然衰老模型中软骨细胞KAT7、p21、p16蛋白表达</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.11</label><title>YW inhibited the expression of KAT7， p21 and p16 proteins in primary chondrocytes in a natural aging model</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A：The effects of Western blot detection on the expression levels of KAT7， p21， and p16 proteins in primary chondrocytes from p2 and p10 generation rats； B：Western blot was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of YW on the protein expression levels of KAT7， p21 and p16 in primary chondrocytes of rat in each group； a： p10 RPCC group；b： YW 5 μmol/L group；c： YW 10 μmol/L group；d： YW 20 μmol/L group； <sup>*</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.05 <italic>vs</italic> p2 group；<sup>##</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01 <italic>vs </italic>p10 RPCC group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F011.eps" id="Graphic11"><?fx-imagestate width="167.21667480" height="72.67222595"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F011.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="167.21667480" height="72.67222595"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F011c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="167.21667480" height="72.67222595"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec><sec id="s2g"><label>2.7</label><title>YW抑制IL-1<bold>β</bold>诱导的大鼠原代软骨细胞KAT7、p21、p16及软骨基质合成与分解代谢蛋白表达</title><p specific-use="noneIndent">WB实验结果显示（图<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F12">12</xref>A-<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F12">12</xref>D），IL-1β诱导显著上调了软骨细胞中KAT7、p21及p16蛋白的表达水平（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01），表明IL-1β成功诱导了细胞衰老相关通路的激活，而YW干预48 h后，上述蛋白的表达受到抑制。而YW处理组（20 μmol/L）的KAT7、p21及p16蛋白表达水平较IL-1β组显著降低（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）；WB实验结果显示（<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F12">图12</xref> E-12 I），IL-1β显著上调分解代谢相关蛋白ADAMTS5和MMP13的表达，并下调合成代谢相关转录因子Sox9的表达，同时上调Runx2（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）表达。而YW处理组显示出随着浓度增加，ADAMTS5和MMP13的表达水平降低，Sox9的表达水平逐渐恢复，Runx2的表达在高浓度YW（10、20 μmol/L）处理下降低（<italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01）。这些结果表明YW能够有效抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞分解代谢，促进基质合成，对软骨细胞具有保护作用。</p><fig position="float" id="F12"><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000–1492.2026.05.007.F012</object-id><label>图12</label><caption><title>YW抑制IL-1<bold>β</bold>诱导的大鼠原代软骨细胞KAT7、p21、p16及软骨基质合成与分解代谢蛋白表达</title></caption><abstract abstract-type="caption" xml:lang="en"><label>Fig.12</label><title>YW suppressed the expression of KAT7， p21， p16， and matrix anabolic and catabolic proteins in IL-1<bold>β</bold>-induced rat primary chondrocytes</title></abstract><abstract abstract-type="note"><p>A-D：Western blot was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of YW on the protein expression levels of KAT7， p21 and p16 in IL-1β-induced rat primary chondrocytes in each group； E-I：Western blot was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of YW on the protein expression levels of ADAMTS5， MMP13， Sox9 and Runx2 in IL-1β-induced rat primary chondrocytes in each group； a： NC group；b： IL-1β group；c： YW 5 μmol/L+IL-1β group；d： YW 10 μmol/L+IL-1β group；e： YW 20 μmol/L+IL-1β group；<sup> ##</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0.01 <italic>vs</italic> NC group；<sup>**</sup><italic>P</italic>&lt;0. 01 <italic>vs</italic> IL-1β group.</p></abstract><alternatives><graphic specific-use="print" xlink:href="media/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F012.eps" id="Graphic12"><?fx-imagestate width="147.46110535" height="110.77222443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="big" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F012.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="147.46110535" height="110.77222443"?></graphic><graphic specific-use="small" xlink:href="alternativeImage/F17341F7-F19E-4fc9-B326-789379BCDBC1-F012c.jpg"><?fx-imagestate width="147.46110535" height="110.77222443"?></graphic></alternatives></fig></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><label>3</label><title>讨论</title><p>巨噬细胞作为免疫系统中的重要吞噬细胞和常驻免疫细胞，负责识别并清除异物、病原体及凋亡细胞，同时分泌多种细胞因子和信号分子参与调控炎症反应与组织修复过程；其异常活化在OA的病理发展中起关键驱动作用<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R8">8</xref>］</sup>。它们并非OA的初始病因（如机械损伤、衰老、代谢异常等），但在关节组织损伤后，活化的巨噬细胞通过持续释放促炎因子、蛋白酶和其他介质，显著放大炎症反应、破坏软骨基质、促进滑膜增生和软骨下骨重塑，形成一个自我强化的恶性循环，推动OA进展。本研究观察到YW能浓度依赖性地抑制LPS诱导的巨噬细胞活化和炎症因子释放，这一结果与既往报道的厚朴酚通过阻断NF-κB/MAPK通路降低炎症因子的研究一致<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R7">7</xref>］</sup>。</p><p>与其他组织一样，关节组织也会随着时间的推移而衰退，并且衰老的软骨细胞的数量与年龄密切相关<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R9">9</xref>］</sup>。软骨细胞是关节软骨中唯一的细胞种类，而关节软骨则是一种在血管和动脉瘤缺失下表现出高度特异性的独特组织，软骨细胞的数量随着生物体的衰老而增加，导致细胞生长减少，阻碍组织更新和功能，并促进OA的发展<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R10">10</xref>］</sup>。在本研究的IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞模型中，YW展现出对软骨细胞功能的保护作用。它不仅恢复了软骨合成代谢的关键转录因子Sox9的表达，还显著抑制分解代谢酶MMP13和ADAMTS5的异常上调，这表明YW能够重新平衡软骨细胞外基质的合成与分解代谢，维持软骨组织稳态，对抗OA的核心病理特征<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>］</sup>。</p><p>KAT7是MYST乙酰转移酶家族的重要成员，负责组蛋白H4和H3K14的整体乙酰化，乙酰化是一种通用的蛋白质修饰，调节细胞周期、基因转录和细胞代谢等多种细胞活动<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R4">4</xref>］</sup>。KAT7通过调控组蛋白H3K14乙酰化修饰驱动p21、p16等衰老标志物的表达，加速细胞衰老进程<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R13">13</xref>］</sup>。本研究的计算模拟显示，YW结构中的酚羟基和酯基修饰可模拟天然底物竞争性抑制KAT7的乙酰化功能，理论上能竞争性结合KAT7的底物口袋；同时，引入亲脂性基团可提升细胞穿透性。研究<sup>［<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R14">14</xref>］</sup>表明在自然衰老或IL-1β诱导软骨细胞衰老模型中， KAT7表达显著上调，而YW干预后，KAT7及衰老标志物p21、p16的表达呈浓度依赖性下调。衰老细胞分泌的衰老相关分泌表型不仅加剧局部炎症，还可通过旁分泌效应诱导邻近细胞衰老。值得注意的是，YW在IL-1β诱导软骨细胞衰老模型中需较高浓度才能显著抑制KAT7表达，其作用可能受炎症微环境中其它信号通路调控。</p><p>然而，本研究仍存在局限性。当前研究仅基于细胞模型，未来需通过OA动物模型验证YW的体内药效及安全性；YW在高浓度（≥40 μmol/L）下表现出细胞毒作用，需优化给药剂量或开发靶向递送系统；KAT7的乙酰化修饰可与其他表观遗传调控因子相互作用，仍需进一步探讨其对全局组蛋白修饰的影响。</p></sec></body><back><ref-list><title>参考文献</title><ref id="R1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation publication-type="thesis" publication-format="print"><person-group><string-name>魏文辉</string-name></person-group>. 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