〔Abstract〕 Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a prevalent group of conditions affecting the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joint, and associated structures. Currently, it is widely recognized by scholars both domestically and internationally that TMD has a complex etiology and pathogenesis. Most patients present clinically with pain, yet effective treatment options remain limited. In recent years, the role of ion channels in the pathological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for TMD has garnered increasing attention. This review systematically summarizes the function of ion channels in the management of temporomandibular joint diseases. First, the multifaceted roles of ion channels in treating TMD are examined, including their regulatory effects on TMJ muscle dysfunction, joint structural abnormalities, and TMJ-related pain. Finally, the potential value of ion channel research in TMD therapy is discussed. With advancing research in this field, ion channel-targeted therapies for temporomandibular disorders are expected to achieve new breakthroughs, thereby providing an important theoretical foundation and practical guidance for developing novel clinical treatment strategies.