〔Abstract〕 Objective To evaluate the efficacy of immediate postoperative oral administration of 2 mg estradiol/estradiol dydrogesterone tablets in reducing secondary surgery for retained products of conception(RPOC), preventing intrauterine adhesions(IUA), and promoting endometrial repair following induced abortion. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 494 patients who underwent induced abortion. The control group (n=214) received conventional postoperative treatment with antibiotics and Yimucao granules, while the observation group (n=280) received immediate administration of estradiol/dydrogesterone tablets (each tablet contains 2 mg of estradiol),combined with antibiotics and Yimucao granules. The two groups were compared for the secondary surgery rate for RPOC, incidence of IUA, endometrial thickness at 2 weeks postoperatively, duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding, time to menstrual resumption, incidence of reduced menstrual volume after resumption, and postoperative complications (pelvic infection, intrauterine fluid accumulation). Results The observation group showed a lower rate of secondary surgery for RPOC compared to the control group (0.4% vs 2.3%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.13, Fisher’s exact test). The observation group also had a significantly lower incidence of IUA (P<0.05), greater postoperative endometrial thickness at 2 weeks (P<0.05), and significantly shorter duration of postoperative vaginal bleeding and time to menstrual resumption. The incidence of reduced menstrual volume postoperatively and complications (pelvic infection, intrauterine fluid accumulation) were also significantly lower in the observation group (all P<0.05). Conclusion Immediate oral administration of estradiol/dydrogesterone tablets after induced abortion significantly prevents intrauterine adhesions, shortens postoperative vaginal bleeding duration, promotes endometrial repair, improves menstrual recovery, and potentially reduces the risk of secondary surgery for retained products of conception.