〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the correlation between tinnitus and insomnia in the elderly people in rural areas of Anhui province. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey the 860 elderly people aged 60 and above in rural areas of Huaibei, Hefei, Xuancheng and Anqing. Insomnia Severity Index(ISI) and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory(THI) were used to evaluate the symptoms of insomnia and tinnitus. Results The incidence of insomnia and tinnitus in the elderly people in rural areas of Anhui province were 39.30% and 32.44%. There was a significant difference between the insomnia group and the non-insomnia group(P<0.05). The multivariate regression analysis showed that the elderly people in rural areas with somatic diseases(OR=1.676,95%CI:1.223-2.298) and tinnitus symptoms(OR=1.576,95%CI:1.166-2.132) were more likely to have insomnia. Conclusion The incidence of insomnia and tinnitus is high and tinnitus is a risk factor for insomnia in the elderly people in rural areas of Anhui province, and active measures should be taken to intervene against tinnitus.