〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the curative effects of a new sustained release agent of glucocorticoid on doxorubicin-induced nephropathy rats. Methods The nephrotic model was prepared by injecting doxorubicin into caudal vein in rats with a total dose of 7.5 mg/kg for two consecutive weeks. The test group was given dexamethasone implant(DexI, 2.8, 1.4, 0.7 mg/kg) one time through renal capsule injection, while the intragastric administration of dexamethasone(Dex, 0.1 mg/kg, qd) for 8 weeks was used as a positive control. Serum and urine were collected regularly before and after modeling to detect renal function and 24 h urine protein. After the experiment, kidney specimens were taken for histopathological examination, immunohistochemical analysis and the expression of nephrin protein in the ruptured septum of renal podocytes. Results DexI could improve the general condition of rats with adriamycin nephropathy to different degrees, prevent weight loss and show a better mental state; DexI could also significantly reduce the 24 h urine protein in kidney rats and improve kidney function(reduce blood creatinine and urea nitrogen levels); DexI could fight kidney pathological damage caused by doxorubicin. Conclusion Sustained-release dexamethasone implants can significantly improve doxorubicin-induced kidney injury in rats, which may be related to its enhancement of the podocyte filtration barrier barrier function.