〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in the treatment of benign bile duct lesions with cholangitis, and to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative recurrent cholangitis. Methods Eighty-six patients with benign bile duct benign lesions and cholangitis were retrospectively selected. All patients received ERCP. The patients′ laboratory examination index and improvement of main symptoms and complication rate were counted 2 weeks after operation. The recurrence rate of cholangitis was counted 1 year after follow-up, and the influencing factors of postoperative recurrent cholangitis were analyzed. Results In 2 weeks after surgery, the improvement of total bilirubin(TB), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), leucopenia and abdominal pain relief accounted for 75.58%, 81.40%, 87.21% and 88.37% respectively. There were 10 cases of complications(11.6%), including 3 cases of pancreatitis(3.5%), 3 cases of biliary tract infection(3.5%), 3 cases of hyperamylasemia(3.5%), and 1 case of hypoxemia(1.2%); no death and perforation, gastrointestinal bleeding occurred. There were 18 patients(20.93%) with recurrent cholangitis after operation. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age>65 years, diverticulum, operation time>45 min and with gallbladder stone were recurrent bile ducts in patients with benign bile duct lesions and cholangitis. Risk factors for inflammation(P<0.05). Conclusion ERCP is effective in the treatment of benign lesions of the bile duct with cholangitis. The complications are less. The patients with age>65 years old, diverticulum and operation time>45 min, and with gallbladder stone are more likely to relapse cholangitis after surgery.