〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the effect of TRX-1 overexpression on apoptosis in Parkinson's disease PC12 cells by regulating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Methods PC12 cells were induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine(MPP+) to establish Parkinson's disease cell model. The plasmid pcDNA-hTRX-1 was transfected into PC12 cells, and the expression of TRX-1 was detected by qRT-PCR. MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation, flow cytometry was used to detect apoptotic rate and intracellular reactive oxygen species level. Then Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptotic related proteins Bax, Bcl-2, Cyt-c, cleaved Caspase-3 and oxidative stress related proteins Nrf2 and HO-1. Results TRX-1 was low expressed in Parkinson's disease PC12 cells, and over-expression of TRX-1 could improve the viability of Parkinson's disease PC12 cells, inhibit cell apoptosis, and significantly activate Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Conclusion Over-expression of TRX-1 can inhibit the apoptosis of PC12 cells in Parkinson's disease by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.