〔Abstract〕 Objective To study effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) on relapse behavior, memory function and hippocampus of rats with methamphetamine(MA) addiction.Method 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and experimental group. Fixed ratio 1 was applied in model group and experimental group to establish self-administration models of MA rats. In the process from model establishment to successful natural withdrawal, rats in experimental group were treated with rTMS for 7 d, while rats in model group and control group were only treated with sham stimulation. After completion, learning and memory ability of rats in each group was determined by wilderness experiment and Morris water maze test. After rats in model group and experimental group were given conditional clue induction, presence or absence of relapse behaviors was observed. After the end of the experiment, rates were sacrificed. The cerebral hippocampus was taken for slicing up. After HE staining,Nissl staining and uranyl acetate-lead citrate staining,changes of hippocampus were observed. Results The MA addiction rat models were successfully prepared. The learning and memory ability in model group was reduced. The r TMS treatment could effectively improve learning and memory treatment of rats with MA addiction. After natural withdrawal,there were relapse behaviors in rats of model group given conditional clue induction. After r TMS treatment,number of effective nasal touching under conditional clue induction was significantly decreased. In hippocampus of MA addiction rat models,number of Nissl bodies and average optical density decreased. The number of synapses in CA3 area reduced. There was fusion in anterior and posterior membranes.The number of synaptosomes reduced. The r TMS treatment could alleviate pathological changes to some extent.Conclusion The r TMS treatment can improve memory function and hippocampus tissue damage in MA addiction rats,and inhibit MA relapse behavior under conditional clue induction.