〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the co-labeling of c-Fos protein expression and oxytocin(OXT) neurons in related brain regions in mice injected with dexmedetomidine(Dex) by intraperitoneal injection. Methods 8-10 week old C57 mice were divided into Saline group and Dex group. The Saline group was intraperitoneally injected with normal saline, the Dex group was intraperitoneally injected with Dex(100 μg/kg), the control group was given normal saline(Saline group), and the experimental group was given Dex 100 μg/kg(Dex group). 120 minutes after intraperitoneal injection, the brains of two groups of mice were collected by perfusion, and thenfrozen section and immunofluorescence microscopy imagingwere performed. Results Immunofluorescence c-Fos protein expression in Dex group and Saline group. The results showed that compared with the Saline group, the Dex group had higher thalamotomy in the supraoptic nucleus(SON), ventrolateral preoptic nucleus(VLPO), subfornical organ(SFO), solitary tract(SOL) and area postrema(AP), and the difference was statistically significant.C-Fos in the locus coeruleus(LC), lateral hypothalamic area(LH), laterodorsal tegmental nucleus(LDT), parabigeminal nucleus(PB), ventral tuberomammillary nucleus(TMN) and motor cortex M1/M2 protein expression decreased, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no difference in c-Fos protein expression in parathalamic nucleus(PVN) and suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN). The results of the co-labeling group of OXT neurons and c-Fos protein in the PVN and SON brain regions showed that: compared with the Saline group, there was no significant difference in the co-labeling of OXT neurons and c-Fos protein in the PVN and SON brain regions of the Dex group. Conclusion The immunofluorescence co-labeling experiment shows that Dex can activate sleep-promoting and other related brain regions, and has a certain inhibitory effect on wake-promoting and exercise-related brain regions, however, it does not affect the co-labeling of c-Fos protein and OXT neurons in PVN and SON brain regions.