〔Abstract〕 Objective To study the correlation between short stature and ocular biological parameters in children. Methods This study adopted a cross-sectional study. Eighty-two children(82 eyes) with height lower than the tenth percentage and normal vision were selected as the short group. One hundred and thirty healthy children(130 eyes) with age and sex matching were served as the control group. Ocular biological parameters were measured for all subjects, including visual acuity, axial length, corneal curvature, astigmatism, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and the distance of whiteness to whiteness. Then axial length/corneal radius ratio was calculated. The differences in ocular biological parameters between the two groups and the correlation between height and parameters were analyzed. Results The measurement of ocular biological parameters showed that the axial length of the short group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(t=-3.161,P=0.002). Also there were significant differences in corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth between the two groups(t=2.996,-2.449,P<0.05). The corneal curvature of the short group was greater than that of the control group, and the anterior chamber depth of the short group was smaller than that of the control group. There were no significant differences in other ocular biological parameters(P>0.05).In the short group, axial length(t=-2.435,P=0.015), axial length/corneal radius ratio(t=2.577,P=0.012) and anterior chamber depth(t=2.563,P=0.012) of male were higher than those of female, and the difference was statistically significant. Axial length, axial length/corneal radius ratio, intraocular pressure, and anterior chamber depth were positively correlated with age and height, and lens thickness was negatively correlated with age and height. After controlling for age and sex, axial length and axial length/corneal radius ratio were positively associated with height and no correlation with age. Conclusion There are differences between ocular biological parameters in short children and healthy children, which suggests that on the one hand, parents should pay attention to the development of the eyes of their children as soon as possible; On the other hand, there should be different screening standards for short children in eye screening. Moreover, more comprehensive studies need to be included to supplement this data in the future.