〔Abstract〕 Objective To study the positive effect and mechanism of histone deacetylase Sirtuin 1(Sirt1) on the osteogenic capacity of inflammatory PDLSCs. Methods PDLSCs were isolated and cultured from the healthy individuals and periodontitis patients, the expression of Sirt1 in two types of PDLSCs was observed; osteogenic induction of inflammatory PDLSCs was performed, concurrently Sirt1 agonist resveratrol was used to up-regulate the expression of Sirt1,then the osteogenic differentiation was observed, the expressions of Runx2,acetylated NF-κB,acetylated FoxO1 and FoxO1 were assessed by Western blot. Results The protein expression of Sirt1 was suppressed in inflamed PDLSCs(P<0.01);resveratrol could up-regulate the expression of Sirt1 in inflamed PDLSCs; compared with the osteogenic induction group, the osteogenesis+resveratrol group increased the expression of BSP(t=14.045,P<0.01),Runx2(t=3.349,P<0.01),OCN(t=7.218,P<0.01) and Osx(t=4.544,P<0.01) mRNA in inflamed PDLSCs, and enhanced ALP staining(P<0.01);expression of FoxO1(t=8.737,P<0.01) and Runx2(t=6.152,P<0.01) increased after osteogenesis of inflamed PDLSCs; in the osteogenesis+resveratrol group, the expression of Sirt1 was up-regulated, and the expression of FoxO1(t=5.912,P<0.01) and Runx2(t=6.277,P<0.01) further increased compared with the osteogenic induction group, while the expression of acetylated NF-κB(F=184.033,P<0.01) and acetylated FoxO1(F=301.454,P<0.01) was significantly lower than that of control group and osteogenic induction group. Conclusion The deacetylase Sirt1 could promote the osteogenic differentiation of inflammatory PDLSCs through deacetylating NF-κB and FoxO1.