〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the effects CXCL1 derived from TAMs on the progression of HCC by CXCL1 in tumor microenvironment(TME). Methods PMA induced human monocyte(THP-1) to obtain undifferentiated macrophages(M0) and then co-cultured with Huh 7 HCC cells. The biomarkers of macrophage phenotype and mRNA level of HCC were analysed by qRT-PCR. Colony formation assay, cell viability assay and transwell assay were performed to evaluate the biological alteration of HCC cells in TME. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) molecular genetics were detected using western blot. The levels of CXCL1 in TME were measured by ELISA assay. Results High CXCL1 expression in HCC patients predicted poor prognosis. Abundant macrophages were found in CXCL1 high expression HCC tissues. In macrophages and HCC co-cultured model, significantly increasing CXCL1 expression was detected in both two cells and the biomarkers of M2 macrophages, CD163 and CD206 were elevated. The growth and migration of HCC cells were promoted. Conclusion Co-culture of macrophages with HCC cells induces macrophages pro-tumor phenotype and CXCL1 secretion which promotes the progression of HCC.