〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate testicular damage in traumatic brain injury(TBI) rats and to analyze the interventional effects of cannabidiol(CBD) on TBI-induced testicular damage. Methods 18 Sprague Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: the sham operation group(Sham group),model group(TBI group) and treatment group(TBI+CBD group).HE staining was used to observe the testicular histopathological changes in the rat testis.ELISA was used to detect testosterone level in rat serum.TUNEL staining was utilized to observe apoptosis, while immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and RT-qPCR were employed to evaluate Bax, Bcl-2,Cleaved Caspase-3 and TNF-α protein and mRNA expression. Results HE staining showed pathological changes in the testes of TBI rats compared with those in the Sham group.ELISA assay showed a decrease in testosterone levels in the TBI group compared to the Sham group, but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).Immunofluorescence results showed that the intensity of Bax fluorescence expression increased in the TBI group compared with the Sham group(P<0.01),whereas the intensity of Bax fluorescence decreased and the intensity of Bcl-2 fluorescence increased in the rats after the CBD intervention(P<0.01).Western Blot results showed that CBD treatment in rats decreased the protein levels of testicular apoptosis-related proteins(Bax and Cleaved Caspase-3,allP<0.05) and inflammation-related proteins(TNF-α,P<0.01),and increased the protein level of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2(P<0.05).The trend of RT-qPCR results was similar, with mRNA expression of Bax(P<0.05) and TNF-α(P<0.01) decreased and mRNA expression of Bcl-2 increased after CBD intervention compared with the TBI group(P<0.05). Conclusion TBI induces testis injury, and CBD treatment effectively repairs apoptosis and inflammatory in testicular tissue of TBI rats.