〔Abstract〕 Abstract Objective To explore the correlation between uteroglobulin-related protein 1 ( UGRP1) and primary hypothyroidism. Methods Ninety-six patients with primary hypothyroidism were selected , including 66 patients with positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) or anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (ATG) as the antibody-posi- tive group , 30 patients with negative thyroid autoantibodies as the antibody-negative group , and 96 healthy people as the control group . The general clinical data , thyroid-related indicators and serum UGRP1 levels were compared among these three groups . Human thyroid normal cells (NTHY-ORI 3-1) were transfected with plasmids in vitro , thus establishing the control group as well as the UGRP1 group . Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect and compare the T4 level in the cell culture supernatant. Results The differences in thyroid stimu- lating hormone (TSH) , TPOAb and ATG among the three groups were statistically significant ( P < 0. 05) . The serum UGRP1 levels in the antibody-positive (303 . 97 ±156. 00) pg/m Land antibody-negative groups (352. 13 ± 188. 37)pg/m L were higher than those in the control group(237 . 54 ±137 . 20)pg/m L，and the differences between the groups were statistically significant ( P = 0. 005) . Meanwhile , there was no statistically significant difference between the antibody-positive and antibody-negative groups . Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that UGRP1 was the risk factor for the occurrence of primary hypothyroidism (OR = 1 . 004 , 95% CI:1 . 001 - 1 . 007 , P = 0. 007) . The difference between the control group and UGRP1 group in T4 concentration secreted by human thyroid normal cells was not statistically significant. Conclusion Serum UGRP1 levels increase in patients with primary hypothyroidism , and the high expression of UGRP1 may have no direct relation to the function of thyroid cells secre- ting T4 .