〔Abstract〕 Objective To establish a stable and reliable mouse model ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeliver abscess(KPLA) for deep research. Methods The clinical isolates ofKlebsiella pneumoniae(KP)181608 were selected as the experimental strains. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with bacterial suspensions of different concentrations. Lethal dose 50(LD50) was calculated by the modified coon method, and the concentration of liver abscess model mice was 1/2 LD50. The general condition, weight change, blood routine examination, HE staining and liver bacterial burden were recorded to comprehensively evaluate the model and verify its effect. Results The LD50of KP was 104CFU/ml according to the improved Karber′s method. The result of bacterial culture from the site of liver abscess was positive, and the infected bacteria was identified as KP by colony morphology, positive wire-drawing test and mass spectrometry. The results of HE staining suggested large area of necrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver of KLA mice. With the extension of the infection time, the mental state of KLA mice became worse, coupling with the decrease of food intake, eventually the weight obviously decreased. The number of leukocytes in infected mice were higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In addition, alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and inflammatory factors [interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)] significantly increased in KLA group, and RT-qPCR results also showed higher mRNA levels of inflammatory and chemokine factors [IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1)]than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The KPLA mouse is successfully established by intraperitoneal injection, providing a stable and easy-to-replicate animal model of liver abscess for further study.