〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the prognostic factors of primary gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(PGI-DLBCL). Methods A total of 126 patients with PGI-DLBCL were selected.The demographic data, clinical characteristics and laboratory characteristics were collected for retrospective analysis.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used for univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used for multivariate analysis to determine prognostic related factors. Results Among 126 patients with PGI-DLBCL,22 patients died, and the 1,3,5 year cumulative survival rates were 90.5%,87.0%,82.6% respectively.Age, Ann Arbor staging, NCCN IPI score, mid-term efficacy evaluation, lactate dehydrogenase( LDH),hemoglobin count(Hb),albumin(ALB),prealbumin, stool occult blood test, β2microglobulin and lymphocyte percentage were all factors associated with the poor prognosis of PGI-DLBCL.Hb, prealbumin and mid-term efficacy evaluation were independent prognostic factors in patients with PGI-DLBCL. Conclusion Anemia, low prealbumin and poor mid-term assessment are independent prognostic factors of PGI-DLBCL.