〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the factors of the elderly over 60 years old to vaccinate COVID-19 vaccine by understanding the intention and affecting factors of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) vaccine inoculation for the elderly over 60 years old in Hefei and investigating the vaccination status of the elderly. Methods The elderly over 60 years old in Hefei city were selected to investigate their willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine by using online questionnaire.Single factor and multifactor analysis were conducted to learn about the affecting factors. The elderly over 60 years old in Hefei were followed up to understand the actual vaccination rate and the reasons for non vaccination. Results 76.8% of the elderly over 60 years old in Hefei city were willing to receive the vaccine. Age, gender, education level, chronic underlying diseases and influenza vaccination were not affecting factors for the elderly to receive the new vaccine. The possibility of being infected with COVID-19 after the vaccination, the side effects and effectiveness of the vaccine, the necessity of getting vaccinated in China which is doing quite well in the prevention of the disease and the new cases in the city were the main affecting factors for the elderly to consider getting vaccinated.The result of follow-up survey showed that 208 elderly over 60 years old in Hefei had been vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine, and the actual vaccination rate was 46.2%. Plan to be vaccinated after a period of time, think that the vaccination of people over 60 years old has not been opened; elderly over 60 years old who have basic diseases will not be allowed to be vaccinated temporarily and inconvenient to queue up for a long time when the weather is hot were top four reasons for the elderly over 60 years old who have not been vaccinated. Conclusion The promotion of safety, effectiveness and knowledge of COVID-19 vaccination, strict grasp of the vaccination taboo, increase resources for vaccination and speed up vaccine production, are very important to improve the willingness and the actual vaccination rate of the elderly over 60 years old to receive the vaccination.