〔Abstract〕 Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages between caudal vein injection and subcutaneous injection of human Jurkat cells in the establishment of xenograft acute T lymphocytic leukemia model. Methods Female BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into normal group, tail vein transplantation group and subcutaneous transplantation group. The tail vein transplantation group and subcutaneous transplantation groups were given cyclophosphamide for 2 consecutive days before modeling. 5×106Jurkat cells were inoculatedviatail vein in tail vein transplantation group for 2 consecutive days, and 5×106Jurkat cells were subcutaneously injected into subcutaneous transplantation group for 2 consecutive days. The same volume of phosphate buffer saline was injected into the normal group by tail vein. The body weight, bow back and mental state of nude mice were observed and recorded. The percentages of Jurkat cells in peripheral blood were monitored by flow cytometry on the 7 th and 14 th day. On the 28 th day, the mice appeared signs of failure and were close to death, and they were put to death. At the same time, the body weight was recorded. Wright′s stain was used to detect the infiltration of Jurkat cells in peripheral blood and bone marrow, spleen and bone marrow of the Jurkat invasion was detected by flow cytometry. Pathology of liver and spleen was also observed by HE staining, and infiltration of Jurkat cells was observed by immunohistochemistry. The level of IL-2 secreted by Jurkat cells in serum was detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the normal group, the tail vein transplantation group and subcutaneous transplantation groups nude mice gradually showed weight loss, bow back and loss of appetite, and Jurkat cells were expressed in the liver, spleen and bone marrow of the mice in each group. The success rate of tail vein transplantation group was 73%, and the success rate of subcutaneous transplantation group was 40%. Conclusion Both tail vein injection and subcutaneous injection of human Jurkat cells can successfully establish the animal model of acute T-lymphocyte leukemia, and tail vein injection transplantation is an optimal option for experimental requirements.