〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the relationship between postoperative pathological types of colon polyps andHelicobacter pylori(Hp) infection and its related factors. Methods A total of 350 patients receiving colon polypectomy in the outpatient department of gastroenterology and in hospital were selected, including 192 high-risk adenomas, 158 low-risk adenomas and inflammatory or proliferative polyps(control group). Complete clinical data of the subjects were obtained by self-designed questionnaire. Results The diameter of adenomatous polyps and different sites of polyp growth in the Hp positive group were compared with that in the Hp negative group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The risk of colon adenoma was correlated with Hp infection, age, body mass index(BMI), fruits and vegetables, meat, smoking and family history of primary cancer(P<0.05), but not with physical activity, diabetes, hypertension and alcohol consumption. Conclusion Postoperative pathological types of colon polyps are correlated with the diameter, size and location of adenomatous polyps and Hp infection. High-risk colon adenomas are correlated with Hp infection, age, BMI, fruits and vegetables, meat, smoking and first-degree relatives of tumors, but not with exercise, diabetes, hypertension and alcohol consumption.