〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of uteroglobin-related protein 1(UGRP1) in thyroid cells and the properties, functions and the mutation of BRAFV600Egene in patients of thyroid nodules.Methods According to the results of cytological examination, 153 cases of aspirated thyroid tissues from 131 patients with thyroid nodules as the chief complaints undergone thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) examinations, were divided into thyroid nodules group(47 cases), Hashimoto′s thyroiditis group(38 cases) and thyroid carcinoma group(46 cases). Thyroid tissues adjacent to benign nodules were classified as normal thyroid group( 22 cases). The expressions of UGRP1 in thyroid cells obtained by FNAC were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expressions of UGRP1 in the four groups were analyzed,as well as the thyroid functions,ultrasonic characteristics,the relationship between UGRP1 expression and BRAFV600Egene mutation in the positive and negative UGRP1 expression groups. Results The positive UGRP1 expression rates in Hashimoto' s thyroiditis group,thyroid nodules group and thyroid carcinoma group were 71. 1%,4. 3% and 2. 2% respectively. UGRP1 was negatively expressed in normal thyroid group. There was significant difference between the four groups( P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in TT3,TT4 and TSH between the positive and negative UGRP1 expression groups. There was a correlation between UGRP1 expression and BRAFV600Egene mutation( P = 0. 023,C =0. 414). Conclusion In thyroid nodules,Hashimoto's thyroiditis was highly positive expression for UGRP1. The positive expression of UGRP1 may be one of the reference indexes to distinguish Hashimoto's thyroiditis from normal thyroid and thyroid carcinoma.