〔Abstract〕 Objective To develop an instrument for assessing cancer prevention literacy(CPLI) that available to healthy people.Method The item pool was constructed through literature review, patient interview, and expert consultation. We selected 2,400 residents as the survey objects, and the reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated by kronbach coefficient, Spearman correlation analysis and factor analysis. Using ANOVA and t-test, we analyzed the health belief scores of residents. Result There were 63 items in the CPLI,with the overall Cronbach'α coefficient as 0. 874. Spearman correlation coefficient analysis showed that the content validity was good( the correlation coefficients between any construct index and items within the same construct were 0. 146 ～ 0. 772,while the correlation coefficients between the constructed index and items outside the same construct were-0. 206 ～0. 451). Factor analysis showed that there were 16 common factors of characteristic root>1,and the factor loads of corresponding factors were>0. 50 in 61 items( all of them were within the preset five dimensions). The cumulative variance contribution rate was 68. 22%,indicating that the structure validity was good. The average index of health belief model constructs was( 8. 47 ± 0. 81),with the highest index( 9. 08 ± 1. 45) for the perceived severity construct and the lowest index( 6. 43 ± 1. 95) for the perceived risk construct. Differences in the indices by gender,age,and education were statistically significant. Conclusion CPLI has good reliability and validity. Differentiated strategy tailoring to the different literacy status among groups and constructs are required for future intervening and promoting cancer prevention literacy.