〔Abstract〕 Objective By detecting the expression levels of miR-16-5 p and miR-223-3 p in the plasma exosomes of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) patients and normal people, the relationship between them and clinical indicators of RA was analyzed to further understand their clinical value in RA diseases. Methods ExoEasy Maxi kit was used to extract exosomes from RA patients and normal human plasma, and miR-16-5 p and miR-223-3 p were quantitatively detected in exosomes using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology. Results The expression of exosomes miR-16-5 p in the RA group [1.852(1.084, 2.532)] was higher than that in the healthy control group [0.995(0.572, 1.798)], and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). However, its expression level in the RA active group [1.427(0.950, 2.314)] was comparable to the RA stable group [1.970(1.248, 2.857)], and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). The expression level of exosomes miR-223-3 p in the RA group[106.611(46.813, 223.841)] was higher than that in the healthy control group[47.586(8.115, 101.347)], and its expression level in the RA active group [199.615(104.944, 305.090)] was also higher than that in the RA stable group [53.993(21.524, 107.707)](P<0.05). At the same time, the relative expression level of miR-223-3 p was positively correlated with the patients' TJC, SJC, DAS28-CRP and DAS28-ESR scores(P<0.05). Conclusion The abnormal expression of miR-16-5 p and miR-223-3 p in plasma exosomes of RA patients suggests that they may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA.