〔Abstract〕 Objective To observe the difference of human GSE1 coiled-coil protein(GSE1) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and adjacent non-tumor tissues,and then explore the clinical role and clinicopathological significance of GSE1 in the development and progression of HCC. Methods qRT-PCR,Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of GSE1 protein in HCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues. The results were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. The relationship between GSE1 mRNA expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of HCC was discussed. Results The results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression level of GSE1 mRNA in 30 groups of fresh HCC was higher than that in adjacent non-tumor tissues, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.000 1). The results of Western blot showed that GSE1 was highly expressed in HCC tissues, but low expressed in adjacent non-tumor tissues.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the positive rate of GSE1 protein was 50.70%(36/71) in HCC tissues and 19.51%(8/41) in 41 adjacent non-tumor tissues. There was a significant difference in the expression of GSE1 between HCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues(P<0.05).The expression of GSE1 protein in HCC and adjacent non-tumor tissues was correlated with clinical pathological stage(P<0.01),but not with gender,age,vascular invasion and Edmondson histological grade. Conclusion GSE1 is highly expressed in HCC, and it may be closely related to the development of HCC.