〔Abstract〕 Objective To evaluate the value of noninvasive novel indicators fibrosis index based on four factors(FIB-4)、aspartate transaminase-to-platelet(APRI) and Gamma-glutamy transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio(GPR) in differentiating liver inflammation and fibrosis in antiviral treatment of HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infected patients. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on 78 patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection. The results of liver biopsy and laboratory examination were recorded.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to judge the independent predictor of antiviral treatment indications for HBeAg negative chronic HBV infection. The receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve was applied to compare the value of the independent predictive index in evaluating the antiretroviral treatment indications of liver inflammation and fibrosis degree of HBeAg-negative.ROC analysis was also used in validation group composed of 77 HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infected patients who also met the inclusion criteria.The patients whose liver pathology indicated significant inflammation or significant liver fibrosis(inflammatory activity≥G2 or fibrosis stage≥S2)were divided into Inflammatory activity≥G2 and Fibrosis stage≥S2 group and only Inflammatory activity≥G2 or only Fibrosis stage≥S2 group respectively. The independent predictive index was put into the two groups for evaluation using ROC analysis. Results After univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, FIB-4 and lgHBsAg were assured that they were the independent predictors of anti-viral treatment indications for HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infected patients.OR(95%CIvalue) were 4.083(1.748～9.538) and 2.709(1.252～5.862), respectively.The AUC of FIB-4 was 0.799(0.704～0.895) for predicting inflammatory activity≥G2 or fibrosis stage≥S2 in HBeAg-negative patients with chronic HBV infected. FIB-4 also had good diagnostic performance for predicting antiviral treatment indications in patients of the validation group.The AUC of liver histology with Inflammatory activity≥G2 and Fibrosis stage≥S2 in patients with HBeAg negative chronic HBV infection was 0.821, higher than that of the group with only Inflammatory activity≥G2 or only Fibrosis stage≥S2. Conclusion FIB-4 can be used to determine the timing of antiviral treatment, which may reduce the need for liver biopsy of patients infected with HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection.