〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the effects of TGFβ1 on the synthesis and degradation of type Ⅰ collagen through the Sp1 signaling pathway. Methods After primary culture of guinea pig scleral fibroblasts, immunohistochemical extrachromosomal detection of Sp1 and type Ⅰ collagen was performed. The mRNA and protein expression of type Ⅰ collagen was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot method in 4 groups of cells with different treatments. Results Compared with the control group,the expressions of Sp1 protein,type Ⅰ collagen and mRNA increased in the TGFβ1 group(P<0.05),and the expressions in TGFβ1+TGFβ1 inhibitor group were weakened(P<0.05),TGFβ1.The expressions in the +Sp1 inhibitor group were weaker but stronger than those in the TGFβ1+TGFβ1 inhibitor group(P<0.05).Conclusion TGFβ1 can promote the expression of Sp1 protein and type Ⅰ collagen,and thus TGFβ1 can regulate the synthesis and degradation of type Ⅰ collagen through Sp1 signaling pathway.