〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the association of M-type phospholipase A2 receptor 1(PLA2 R1) gene rs3749117 and rs4664308 with idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN). Methods Eighty-eight patients with IMN diagnosed by renal biopsy were selected as the case group,and 122 healthy controls in the physical examination center of the Autonomous Region People's Hospital were collected. The rs3749117 and rs4664308 polymorphism were detected by competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction(KASP) and the relationship between PLA2 R1 gene polymorphism and IMN were analyzed. Results The rs4664308 did not meet the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotype and allele frequencies of rs3749117 had statistically significant difference between the IMN group and the HC group(χ2=23.415,P<0.001,χ2=25.792,P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the age,gender,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,urea nitrogen,creatinine,uric acid,triglyceride,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein,albumin,urine protein and anti-PLA2 R antibody positive rate between rs3749117 TT genotype group and TC+CC genotype group(P>0.05). The stratified chi-square test showed that there were differences in the distribution of susceptible genotype(TT genotype) and non-susceptible genotype(TC+CC genotype) between IMN and healthy controls in the 18～<40 and 40～<60 age groups(P<0.05),and there was no difference in the distribution of rs3749117 susceptibility genotype(TT genotype) and non-susceptible genotype(TC+CC genotype) between the IMN and the healthy control in the elderly group(P>0.05). Conclusion The PLA2 R1 rs3749117 gene polymorphism may be associated with susceptibility to IMN in the 18～<40 and 40～<60 age groups in Xinjiang,and the gene polymorphism of rs3749117 may be unrelated to the occurrence of IMN in elderly patients.