〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis, and to construct a nomogram model predicting overall of patients with rectal cancer at T1 and T2 stage. Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the data of 353 patients diagnosed as rectal cancer, who received the radical rectal resection. The collected data were as follows: age, body mass index(BMI),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), tumor size, histological type, T stage, N stage, tumor location and number of lymph nodes detected, which were used to perform Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test for univariate analysis and Cox regression for multivariate analysis. The nomogram model was established to predict the overall survival of patients. Results Age≥60 years, Mucinous adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiation, T2 stage, lymph node metastasis, BMI≥25 kg/m2, CEA≥5 μg/L and number of lymph nodes detected<12 were associated with overall survival of patients with rectal cancer at T1 and T2 stage(allP<0.05).Cox regression showed that age≥60 years, T2 stage, mucinous adenocarcinoma, lymph node metastasis, CEA≥5 μg/L, BMI≥25 kg/m2and lymph node detection number<12 were independent risk factors. Based on the above independent risk factors, the nomogram model was constructed, and the predicted curve was in good agreement with the actual survival curve(C-index=0.779). Conclusion Age≥60 years, T2 stage, mucinous adenocarcinoma, lymph node metastasis, CEA≥5 μg/L, BMI≥25 kg/m2and the number of lymph nodes detected<12 are independent risk factors, and the nomogram established in this study can effectively predict the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer at T1 and T2 stage.