〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the characteristics of impaired attention network function in chronic insomnia patients. Methods Polysomnography(PSG), sleep scale, attention network test(ANT) and neuropsychological cognitive scale were used to evaluate the sleep quality, attention network function and cognitive function of 73 patients with chronic insomnia and 65 healthy subjects. Results Compared with normal control group, the scores of pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and insomnia severity index(ISI) in the chronic insomnia group increased, total sleep time reduced, sleep latency prolonged, sleep efficiency decreased, wake after sleep onset and arousal index increased, the proportion of non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1 increased, the proportion of non-rapid eye movement sleep 3 and the proportion of rapid eye movement sleep decreased, and differences were statistically significant(allP<0.05). In the attention network test, the efficiency of executive control network decreased in the chronic insomnia group, and the difference was statistically significant(allP<0.05). In neuropsychological tests, patients in the chronic insomnia group had spent more time on the Stroop color word test-word and trail making test-B. Correlation analysis showed that executive control function was associated with decreased non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 3 andincreased PSQI scores in chronic insomnia group. Conclusion Chronic insomnia patients have a certain degree of cognitive impairment, mainly executive control network impairment, which is associated with slow-wave sleep reduction.