〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the role of T cell 17/regulatory T cell(Th17/Treg) related cytokine imbalance in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Methods Serum samples from 50 preeclampsia pregnant women and 30 normal pregnant women were collected, and the concentration of interleukin-23(IL-23)and interleukin-2 recepter(IL-2R) in serum was tested using ELISA. Additionally, the concentration of interleukin-6(IL-6)and interleukin-10(IL-10)in serum was measured using cell microsphere array(CBA) technology.Then placental and decidual tissues of 10 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 6 normal pregnant women were selected for further verification of the expression of related cytokines by using QPCR and immunohistochemistry. Results The concentrations of IL-10, IL-2R, IL-23 and IL-6 in the serum of preeclampsia pregnant women were higher than those of normal pregnant women(P<0.05). The QPCR results showed that, compared to normal pregnant women, there was no statistically significant difference in the expression of IL-23 mRNA in the placenta and decidua tissues of preeclampsia patients(P>0.05), while the expression level of IL-10 mRNA in the placenta and decidua tissues of preeclampsia patients was lower than that of normal pregnant women, with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The expression level of IL-2R mRNA in the placenta and decidua tissues of preeclampsia patients was higher than that of normal pregnant women, with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of IL-10 in the placenta and decidua of preeclampsia pregnant women was lower than that of normal pregnant women, with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The expression of IL-2R and IL-23 in the placenta of preeclampsia was higher than that of normal pregnant women, with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the expression of IL-23 and IL-2R in the decidua of the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with normal pregnant women, there are differences in the expression levels of IL-10, IL-23, and IL-2R in preeclampsia pregnant women. This difference may be related to Th17/Treg cellular immune imbalance, suggesting that Th17/Treg immune imbalance mediated changes in related cytokines may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.