〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the expression and immune infiltration levels of the BMP7 gene(BMP7) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). Methods Initially, in 274 cases of ESCC and 242 cases of normal tissues, the level of BMP7 was verified by immunohistochemistry, and the relationship between the expression difference and the survival cycle and clinical pathological characteristics of patients with ESCC was explored, and BMP7 overexpression plasmid transfection of ESCC cells was established, and the effect of BMP7 on the biological behavior of ESCC cells was examined by CCK-8, Clone, and Transwell. Results BMP7 expression in normal esophageal tissues was higher than that of ESCC(P<0.001), the expression level of BMP7 was correlated with the degree of differentiation of patients(P=0.006) and TNM staging(P<0.001), and the survival of patients with high expression of BMP7 exceeded that of patients with low BMP7(P=0.041), and the experiments of CCK-8 and Clone showed that the proliferation effect of cells in the overexpressed BMP7 group was lower than that of the control group. Transwell experiments confirmed that the cell invasion migration capacity of the overexpressed BMP7 group was less than that of the control one. The immune infiltration results showed that BMP7 was positively correlated with macrophages(P=0.008) and negatively correlated with γ-δT cells(P=0.028). Conclusion BMP7 is low in ESCC and associated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration levels in patients.