〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B1(eIF2B1) in HCC and its correlation with clinical prognosis. Methods Through the follow-up of the clinical data of 743 hepatocellular carcinoma patients in the specimen bank, 91 HBV-related liver cancer patients with complete follow-up information were screened out, and their postoperative tumor tissues were selected.Meanwhile, the adjacent tumor tissues with a distance of more than 2 cm from the tumor margin were collected to make tissue chips.Western blot and immunohistochemical experiments were performed.Image J was used to analyze the proportion of positive cells stained by tissue chip and the gray value of Western blot results.Clinical data and follow-up data of included patients were statistically analyzed by R4.0.5 software. Results Immunohistochemical results suggested that eIF2B1 was more strongly expressed in HCC than in para-cancerous tissues.Western blot results showed that eIF2B1 was more strongly expressed in HepG2.2.15 cells than in HepG2 cells.The expression of eIF2B1 in HCC tissues was correlated with tumor number(P<0.05).Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that the expression of eIF2B1 was an independent risk factor for the overall clinical prognosis of HBV-DNA positive patients(HR=4.28,P=0.018). Conclusion The expression of eIF2B1 is significantly enhanced in HBV-associated HCC tissues and is significantly associated with overall survival in HBV DNA positive patients.