〔Abstract〕 Objective To retrospectively analyze the efficacy of aerosol inhalation of N-acetylcysteine(NAC) solution combined with bronchoalveolar lavage in children withMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia(MPP). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 120 children with MPP. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into combined treatment group(43 cases), atomization group(40 cases) and bronchoalveolar lavage group(37 cases). Among them, while receiving conventional treatment, children who were treated with aerosol inhalation of N-acetylcysteine alone were included in the atomization group, and those who were treated with bronchoalveolar lavage alone were included in the bronchoalveolar lavage group, and children treated with the combination of the above two treatments were included in the combined treatment group. The clinical efficacy, imaging recovery and incidence of adverse reactions were compared among all groups. Results Compared the total effective rate among the three groups, there was no significant difference between the atomization group and the bronchoalveolar lavage group(P>0.05), which were both lower than that of the combined treatment group(P<0.05); the difference in the improvement rate of lung imaging among the three groups was statistically significant(P<0.05), the combined treatment group was the highest, and the BAL group was higher than the atomization group; There was no significant difference in the duration of fever and pulmonary rales between the combined treatment group and the BAL group(P>0.05), which were shorter than those in the atomization group(P<0.05); There was no significant difference in duration of cough, shortness of breath and hospital stay between the atomization group and the BAL group(P>0.05), which were longer than those in the combined treatment group(P>0.05). There was no serious adverse reactions in the three groups. There was no significant difference in the three groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with single treatment, N-acetylcysteine solution combined with bronchoalveolar lavage is more effective and has more advantages in the treatment ofMycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia in children.