〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the correlation between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2) level and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods 200 T2DM patients were chosen to collect general data and relevant laboratory indicators. According to the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR), they were divided into normal group(UACR<30 mg/g,n=66), microalbuminuria group(30 mg/g≤UACR<300 mg/g,n=64) and macroalbuminuria group(UACR≥300 mg/g,n=70). On the basis of Lp-PLA2 tertile, they were divided into low Lp-PLA2 group(Lp-PLA2<104 ng/ml,n=66), medium Lp-PLA2 group(104 ng/ml≤Lp-PLA2<161 ng/ml,n=67) and high Lp-PLA2 group(Lp-PLA2≥161 ng/ml,n=67). Group differences were compared by analysis of variance and nonparametric test. Associations between Lp-PLA2 and other indicators were performed by Pearson correlation and Spearman correlation. Related factors of albuminuria in T2DM patients were explored by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. In addition, receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis was applied to evaluate the predictive value of Lp-PLA2 for albuminuria in T2DM patients. Results Lp-PLA2 was significantly higher in the macroalbuminuria group than that in both the normal group and the microalbuminuria group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, Lp-PLA2 in the microalbuminuria group increased(P<0.05). With the increase in Lp-PLA2 tertile, there was gradual increase in UACR, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 was positively correlated with duration of DM,systolic blood pressure(SBP),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),fasting blood glucose(FBG),blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Scr), UACR and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 [OR=1.046,95%CI(1.031,1.060)] was an independent risk factor for albuminuria(P<0.05). The AUC of Lp-PLA2 for predicting albuminuria was 0.902 [95%CI(0.862,0.942)]. The cut-off value of Lp-PLA2was 148 ng/ml, the sensitivity was 65.7% and specificity was 98.5%. Conclusion Lp-PLA2 is closely related to the albuminuria in T2DM patients, which provides a new method for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic kidney disease(DKD).