〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the effect of standardized lymph node sorting on postoperative results of gastroesophageal junction malignant tumors. Methods The data of all patients with malignant gastroesophageal junction in gastric cancer database were analyzed retrospectively. Lymph nodes were sorted according to whether surgeons were present immediately after surgery. Patients were divided into lymph node sorting group(sorting group) and lymph node unsorting group(unsorting group). General data included gender, age, body mass index(BMI), carcinogenic antigen(CEA), postoperative albumin level, preoperative hemoglobin, etc. Perioperative and pathological data included operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, tumor differentiation, distance from superior incisal margin, total number of lymph nodes, number of positive lymph nodes, etc. Kaplan-Meier curve and Log-rank test were used for survival analysis, and propensity score matching analysis adjusted for confounding factors between groups. Results A total of 386 patients were included, including 133 in lymph node sorting group and 253 in non-sorting group. The median follow-up time was 40.18 months. The total number of lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes in the sorting group were(26.38±12.18) and(6.63±10.14), respectively, while the total number and the number of positive lymph nodes in the non-sorting group were(12.25±7.06) and(3.07±3.77), respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the total number of lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes between the sorting group and the non-sorting group(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in survival between the sorting group and the non-sorting group before matching. There were 112 and 203 patients with advanced gastric cancer in the two groups, respectively. The overall survival curve of patients in the sorting group was better than that in the non-sorting group, and the difference in median survival time was statistically significant(P<0.05). The caliper value was set to 0.02, and 94 pairs of patients were preferentially matched. After matching, the total number of lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes in the sorting group were(24.71±12.03) and(5.70±9.95), respectively, while the total number and the number of positive lymph nodes in the non-sorting group were(13.05±7.63) and(3.37±4.32), respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The overall survival curve of patients in the sorting group was better than that in the non-sorting group, and the median survival time was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Postoperative lymph node sorting for gastric cancer can significantly increase the number of total lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes, reduce lymph node migration, and improve postoperative survival time.