〔Abstract〕 Bisphenol S is commonly utilized in the industry as a substitute for bisphenol A. However, numerous studies have indicated that bisphenol S also exhibits a wide range of toxicity. Bisphenol S has been found to cause adverse effects on the nervous system, endocrine system, reproductive system, etc., with more extensive studies on the reproductive system. Specifically, bisphenol S exposure causes a decrease in sperm count, decreases motility and increases malformations, and decreases testosterone levels in males; on the other hand, bisphenol S exposure causes a significant reduction in ovarian volume and relative weight, affectes oocyte quality, decreases gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone in females. The mechanisms by which bisphenol S affects the body are complex and varied, involving oxidative stress, cell death, and epigenetic modifications. Notably, the reproductive toxicity of bisphenol S varies in different studies. As a result, this paper reviews the reproductive toxicity of bisphenol S and its underlying mechanisms.