〔Abstract〕 O bjective To explore the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15) gene and Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection as well as the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer in Baotou Han population, and to provide experimental evidence and data support for the screening of susceptible population for non-cardia gastric cancer. MethodsA total of 458 cases with non-cardia gastric cancer and 460 healthy examination people were collected. The 14C urea breath test (UBT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect H. pylori infection in the 460 healthy individuals. The genotypes of ALOX15 rs2619112, rs2619118, rs2664593, rs7220870 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and the association of SNP with H. pyloriinfection as well as the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer was statistically analyzed. Results The positive rate of H. pyloriinfection was 42.3%. ALOX15 rs2619112, rs2619118, rs2664593, and rs7220870 had no association with H. pylori infection. ALOX15 rs2619112, rs2664593, and rs7220870 were not associated with the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer. Compared with the carriers of (CC + CT) genotype, the carriers of rs2619118 TT genotype had an increased onset risk of non-cardia gastric cancer [ OR (95% CI) = 1.512 (1.110 - 2.060)]. The haplotype ACCC constructed by ALOX15 rs2619112, rs2619118, rs2664593, and rs7220870 could reduce the onset risk of non-cardia gastric cancer. The second-order interaction of ALOX15 rs2619112 and rs2619118 was associated with the risk of non-cardia gastric cancer ( P＜0.05). ConclusionALOX15 rs2619112, rs2619118, rs2664593, rs7220870 may not play a major role in H. pylori infection. ALOX15 rs2619118 TT genotype is a risk factor for the development of non-cardia gastric cancer. The haplotype ACCC constructed by ALOX15 rs2619112, rs2619118, rs2664593, and rs7220870 reduces the onset risk of non-cardia gastric cancer. The interaction of ALOX15 rs2619112 and rs2619118 has a synergistic effect in the development of non-cardia gastric cancer.