〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the role of miR-193 a-5 p/HOXA7 axis in the process of acute myeloid leukemia(AML) cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods The bone marrow samples from newly treated AML patients and normal volunteers were collected to detect changes in the expression levels of miR-193 a-5 p and HOXA7 in the bone marrow samples, and the regulatory relationship between miR-193 a-5 p and HOXA7 was analyzed.The AML cell line THP-1 was cultured in vitro and transfected with empty vector, miR-193 a-5 p overexpression lentiviral vector, HOXA7 shRNA lentiviral vector, and simultaneously transfected with miR-193 a-5 p and HOXA7 overexpression lentiviral vector.The proliferation and apoptosis of THP-1 cells and the expression changes of miR-193 a-5 p and HOXA7 in the cells were detected under different intervention methods. Results The expression level of miR-193 a-5 p in bone marrow cells of AML patients was lower than that of normal volunteers, while the expression level of HOXA7 was higher than that of normal volunteers(P<0.01).The analysis of luciferase activity showed that miR-193 a-5 p could negatively regulate HOXA7.The expression of HOXA7 in THP-1 cells transfected with miR-193 a-5 p overexpression lentiviral vector was lower than that in empty vector cells(P<0.01).Compared with cells transfected with empty vector, transfection of miR-193 a-5 p overexpression lentiviral vector or transfection of HOXA7 shRNA lentiviral vector inhibited the proliferation of THP-1 cells and promoted cell apoptosis(P<0.05).The THP-1 cells transfected with miR-193 a-5 p and HOXA7 overexpressing lentiviral expression vector at the same time proliferated stronger than empty vector cells(P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of miR-193 a-5 p in bone marrow cells of AML patients is significantly reduced, which can promote THP-1 cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of HOXA7 and the proliferation of THP-1 cells.