〔Abstract〕 Objective To provide the scientific evidence for the prevention and cure of stroke by investigating its risk factors in residents of Hefei Silihe community.Methods A total of 2 682 permanent residents aged ≥40 years were included in this study via cluster sampling method.Carotid vessel color ultrasound examination was implemented in the high-risk group of stroke.Results 762 high-risk people were screened out,with a detection rate of 28.41%.In a descending order,the exposure rates of risk factors were 86.35% for hypertension,62.99%for dyslipidemia,48.29% for lack of exercise,34.38% for overweight or obesity,31.76% for family history of stroke,28.22% for diabetes,23.49% for smoking,and 3.94% for atrial fibrillation.The detection rate of male was higher than that of female in high risk group(37.92%,22.99%)(χ2= 67.970,P<0.001).Smoking rate in male was higher than that in female(χ2= 240.6,P<0.001).Exposure rate of risk factors of female stroke family history was higher than that of male(χ2= 7.16,P<0.05).There were 867 cases of high Hcy group in high-risk population(32.35%).The positive ratio of carotid atherosclerosis was 65.08%.Logistic regression analysis showed that lack of exercise and storke were significantly related(OR=33.675,95% CI: 22.061-49.239).Conclusion Exposure rate of risk factors for stroke in high-risk population in Hefei Silihe community is high.It is necessary to identify the high-risk group of stroke early.Intervene modifiable risk factors actively,standardize the diagnosis,and treatment of chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes are benefit to reduce the prevalence of stroke.