〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the expression of Cav3.1 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and cells, and the effect of the proliferation and apoptosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma by targeted-knockdown of Cav3.1. Methods Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of Cav3.1 in laryngeal cancer tissues and normal mucosal tissues of incisional margin. Hep-2 cell lines of Cav3.1 targeted-knockdowned were constructed by siRNA transient technique. Western blot was used to detect the expression of BAX, Cleaved-caspase-3, BCL-2 in all groups. CCK-8 test was used to detect the proliferation of laryngeal carcinoma cell. Annexin V-PI staining was used to detect the apoptosis of laryngeal carcinoma cells in the targeted-knockdown group. Results Cav3.1 was highly expressed in 30 cases of laryngeal cancer compared to pericarcinomatous tissues(P<0.05). The expression of Cav3.1 mRNA and protein was decreased in si-Cav3.1 groups(P<0.05). In si-Cav3.1 group, the proliferation of laryngeal cancer cells decreased(P<0.05), the apoptosis of laryngeal carcinoma cells increased(P<0.05). The expression of BAX and Cleaved-caspase-3 was increased, and BCL-2 expression was decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion Cav3.1 is highly expressed in laryngeal cancer tissues and laryngeal cancer cell lines. Cav3.1 targeted-knockdown inhibits the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of laryngeal carcinoma cells.