〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the effect of proanthocyanins(PAC) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSCs). Methods hDPSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro, and the cells were treated with different concentrations of PAC(0, 4, 8, 16, 32 μmol/L), then the proliferation of hDPSCs was detected by CCK-8,the cell morphology of hDPSCs was detected by cytoskeleton staining,the alkaline phosphatase( ALP) activity was detected by ALP staining,and the mRNA expression levels of osteogenic related genes like core transcription factor 2( Runx-2),bone morphogenetic protein 2( Bmp-2) and Ⅰ collagen type( Col-1) were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR( q-PCR). Results hDPSCs were successfully cultured and identified. CCK-8 assay and cytoskeleton staining showed that 0-16 μmol/L PAC had no effect on the morphology and proliferation of hDPSCs,but 32 μmol/L PAC inhibited the cell proliferation significantly. ALP staining and quantitative detection showed 8 μmol/L PAC was higher than control group in ALP activity. PCR showed that the expression of 8 μmol/L PAC induction osteogenesis related genes in Runx2,Bmp2,Col-1 were significantly upregulated. Conclusion PAC can promote the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells.