_2025__Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

Research progress of urea-containing PET tracers targeting prostate specific membrane antigen

Zhu Hong1，2，Wang Hui2，Si Hongwei2，Zhang Dan2，Chen Dengyun2，Dai Pengfei1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.025

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Analysis of follicular helper T cell percentage and expression levels of functionally related cytokines in a mouse model of incomplete embryo implantation disorders

Wang Peng1，Gong Xiaoyun1，Zhang Manli1，Zhang Yunian1，La Xiaolin1，2，3，4

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.007

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abstract:
To detect the proportion of splenic follicular helper T（Tfh）cells and their functionally re- lated cytokine expression levels in the incomplete embryo implantation disorder（EID）model mice，and to explore the immunological mechanism of Tfh in infertility caused by embryo implantation disorder. Methods Sixteen fe- male Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups，with eight mice in each group. On day 4 of pregnancy， an incomplete EID mouse model was established by oral gavage of mifepristone suspension，while an equal volume of saline was administered to the control group. On day 8 of pregnancy，the mice were euthanized. Flow cytometry was used to detect the levels of Tfh cells in the spleen lymphocytes of both incomplete EID mice and normal control mice. qRT-PCR was performed to measure the mRNA levels of B-cell lymphoma 6（Bcl-6）and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 protein（CXCR5）in the spleen lymphocytes of both groups. Western blot was employed to assess the protein expression levels of Bcl-6 and CXCR5 in the spleen lymphocytes of both groups. Serum levels of inter- leukin-4（IL-4）， IL-6，and IL-21 were measured by ELISA. Immunohistochemistry（IHC）was used to observe the expression levels of progesterone receptor（PR），Bcl-6，and CXCR5 proteins in the uterine endometrial tissue of mice in both groups. Results Incomplete-type EID mice had a reduced number of embryo implantation points and reduced endometrial PR expression. Flow assay results showed that the proportion of CD4+CXCR5+Tfh cells in splenic lymphocytes of incomplete-type EID mice was significantly higher than that of normal controls（P<0. 05）.Compared with the normal control group，Bcl-6 and CXCR5 mRNA levels and protein levels were elevated in splenic lymphocytes of incomplete EID mice，with statistically significant differences（P<0. 05）；serum IL-4，IL- 6，and IL-21 levels were elevated in incomplete EID mice，and Bcl-6 and CXCR5 proteins in the endometrium were significantly elevated（P<0. 05）. Conclusion The increase of Tfh cells and their associated cytokines Bcl-6 and CXCR5 is associated with the development of incomplete EID，and may be involved in the development of fe- male immune infertility.

Analysis of the incidence and mortality trends of type 2 diabetic nephropathy in China from 1990 to 2021

Dou Xuewei，Cui Wenfei，Niu Ling，Yin Binglei，Wang Jinjin

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.027

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NGR1 modulates mitophagy in human cardiomyocytes via the Pink1/Parkin pathway after hypoxia/reoxygenation

Xiong Xiaoman1，Wu Huan1，Lu Shanglin2，Wang Yong1，Zheng Yuhua1，Xiang Yi1，Zhou Haiyan2，Liu Xingde1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.009

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abstract:
To investigate the mechanism by which Notoginsenoside R1（NGR1）ameliorates hypoxia/reoxygenation（H/R）-induced injury in AC16 human cardiomyocyte cell lines through the regulation of mitophagy. Methods Common genes linked to hypoxia/reoxygenation injury and mitophagy were identified by intersecting data from GeneCards and MitoCarta databases. AC16 cell viability was assessed via CCK-8 assay under varying NGR1 concentrations（0，6. 25，12. 5，25，50，100，200，300，400，500 μmol/L）. AC16 cells were divided into the following groups：control group（Control），model group（H/R），and treatment groups（H/R + NGR1 at 100， 200，and 300 μmol/L）. Mitochondrial membrane potential ( ΔΨm）was measured using 5，5'，6，6'-tetrachloro-1， 1'，3，3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide（JC-1）staining. Transcriptional levels of mitophagy-related genes（Parkin，Pink1，P62）were quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR）. Protein ex- pression of mitophagy-related markers（Parkin，Pink1，P62，and LC3BII）was evaluated via Western blot analy- sis. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was visualized by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. Results Compared to the control group，cell viability in the H/R group significantly decreased（P<0. 01）. Treatment with NGR1 at concentrations above 100 μmol/L significantly enhanced the cell viability of AC16 cells compared to the H/R group （P<0. 01）. H/R induced a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential（P<0. 01）， which was re- stored by NGR1 treatment（P<0. 01）. The mRNA levels of Parkin，Pink1，and P62 in the H/R group were upregu- lated compared to the control group（ P<0. 05）， while NGR1 intervention downregulated their expression（ P< 0. 05）. Protein expression levels of Parkin，Pink1，and LC3BII in the H/R group significantly increased，while P62 expression decreased compared to the control group（P<0. 01）. In contrast，different doses of NGR1 treatment significantly reduced the expression of Parkin，Pink1，and LC3BII while increasing P62 expression（P<0. 05）. TEM revealed that the mitochondrial structure in the H/R group was severely disrupted，with fragmented and disor- ganized cristae，which was alleviated by NGR1. Conclusion NGR1 ameliorates H/R-induced AC16 cell injury， and its mechanism may be associated with modulating the Pink1/Parkin pathway to suppress excessive mitophagy.

The role of S100A2 in the progression of colorectal cancer

Huo Yishan1，Duan Xiangbing1，Xu Xiaohui1，Li Tao2，Ma Xiumin1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.020

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abstract:
To investigate the role of calcium-binding protein S100A2 in colorectal cancer（CRC）pro- gression and its association with fructose metabolism in CRC cells. Methods Differential expression of S100A2 be- tween CRC patients and healthy individuals was analyzed using the GEPIA2 tumor database. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to compare S100A2 expression levels in CRC cell lines（HCT116，SW480，Caco-2）and normal human colonic epithelial cells（NCM460）. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to assess S100A2 expression in CRC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. S100A2-knockdown stable CRC cell lines and negative control cell lines were established via lentiviral transduction. Functional assays，including CCK-8，wound healing and Transwell experiments were utilized to evaluate the effects of S100A2 downregulation on CRC cell prolifera- tion，migration，and invasion. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were employed to analyze the impact of S100A2 knockdown on the expression levels of fructose transporter 5（GLUT5）and ketohexokinase（KHK）. In- tracellular fructose concentration was measured using a fructose assay kit. A nude mouse CRC xenograft model was established using S100A2-knockdown HCT116 cell lines to investigate the role of S100A2 in tumor proliferation in vivo. Tumor tissues from the xenografted mice were analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining to evaluate the expression levels of GLUT5 and KHK. Results S100A2 expression was significantly elevated in CRC patients compared with healthy individuals. All three CRC cell lines exhibited markedly higher S100A2 expression than normal colonic epithelial cells. S100A2 knockdown significantly inhibited CRC cell proliferation，migration， and invasion capacities. Downregulation of S100A2 suppressed the expression of fructose metabolism-related pro- teins GLUT5 and KHK，accompanied by reduced cellular fructose uptake. In vivo experiments demonstrated that S100A2 knockdown effectively inhibited tumor growth and decreased GLUT5/KHK expression in xenograft tissues. Conclusion Downregulation of S100A2 inhibits CRC progression by modulating fructose metabolism in CRC cells.

The regulatory mechanism of TLR4 on the inflammatory response in mice with gastric ulcers through autophagy and oxidative stress

Du Jinxuan 1，Feiluore Dilixiati 1，Xuan Qiuyun 2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.006

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abstract:
To investigate the effects of Toll-like receptor 4（TLR4）inhibition on autophagy and oxida‑ tive stress，as well as its regulatory role and mechanism in the inflammatory response in a mouse model of gastric ul ‑ cer. Methods Sixty adult male Kunming mice were equally divided into five groups：control group，model group， model+TLR4-IN-C34 group，model+TLR4-IN-C34+3-MA group，and model+TLR4-IN-C34+H ₂ O ₂ group. Except for the control group，all groups were administered 40 mg/kg indomethacin via gavage. Treatment groups received injections every three days，and all groups were treated for 30 days. Mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation， and gastric tissues were collected. Gastric ulcer scores were assessed，and pathological changes were evaluated via HE staining and scoring. Serum levels of interleukin-1阝（IL-1阝）， IL-6，tumor necrosis factor- α（TNF- α), ad‑ vanced oxidation protein products（AOPP），and prostaglandin E2（PGE2），as well as gastric tissue levels of malo ‑ ndialdehyde（ MDA）， superoxide dismutase（ SOD）， and reduced glutathione（ GSH）， were measured using ELISA. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of TLR4，microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3- Ⅰ（LC3- Ⅰ ) , LC3- Ⅱ , autophagy-related protein 5（Atg5），Beclin-1，nuclear factor erythroid 2-re‑ lated factor 2（Nrf2），heme oxygenase-1（HO-1），and NAD（P）H quinone dehydrogenase 1（NQO1）in gastric tis‑ sues. Immunofluorescence staining was used to assess LC3- Ⅱ fluorescence intensity in gastric tissues. Results Compared with the control group，the model group exhibited upregulation of ulcer scores，HE staining scores， TLR4，IL-1阝，IL-6，TNF-α , and AOPP levels，and downregulation of LC3- Ⅱ fluorescence intensity，PGE2 lev‑ els，Atg5，Beclin-1，nuclear Nrf2，HO-1，NQO1 levels，and the LC3- Ⅱ/ Ⅰ ratio（all P < 0. 05）. Compared with the model group，the model+TLR4-IN-C34 group showed downregulation of ulcer scores，HE staining scores， TLR4，IL-1阝，IL-6，TNF-α , and AOPP levels，and upregulation of LC3- Ⅱ fluorescence intensity，PGE2 levels， Atg5，Beclin-1，nuclear Nrf2，HO-1，NQO1 levels，and the LC3- Ⅱ/ Ⅰ ratio（all P < 0. 05）. Compared with the model+TLR4-IN-C34 group，the model+TLR4-IN-C34+3-MA group exhibited upregulation of ulcer scores，HE staining scores，IL-1阝，IL-6，TNF- α , and AOPP levels，and downregulation of LC3- Ⅱ fluorescence intensity， PGE2 levels，Atg5，Beclin-1，and the LC3- Ⅱ/ Ⅰ ratio（all P < 0. 05）. Compared with the model+TLR4-IN-C34 group，the model+TLR4-IN-C34+H₂ O₂ group showed upregulation of ulcer scores，HE staining scores，IL-1阝，IL- 6，TNF-α , and AOPP levels，and downregulation of PGE2 levels and nuclear Nrf2，HO-1，and NQO1 levels（all P < 0. 05）. Conclusion Inhibition of TLR4 ameliorates gastric ulcer symptoms and suppresses the inflammatory response in mice by upregulating autophagy and reducing oxidative stress.

Expression of SLC7A11 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and its preliminary study on mediating tumor cell metabolism

Zhang Huakun1，Sun Mengfei2，Sun Qi2，Zhou Ziru1，Yu Jie3，Chen Yunzhao3，Cui Xiaobin1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.012

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abstract:
To investigate the relationship between solute carrier family 7 member 11（SLC7A11）ex- pression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma（ESCC）and clinical prognosis，and to determine its effects on ESCC cell growth，migration，and other biological activities. Methods SLC7A11 protein expression was mea- sured in 310 ESCC tissues and 259 adjacent normal tissues using immunohistochemistry to statistically assess the association of SLC7A11 with clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis in ESCC patients. The expression of SLC7A11 in ESCC cell lines was suppressed through siRNA-mediated knockdown. The specific effects of SLC7A11 knockdown on proliferation and migration were evaluated using CCK-8，clonogenic assay，and Transwell assays. Adenosine triphosphate（ATP），lactic acid and pyruvate assays were used to measure ESCC metabolism. Results SLC7A11 protein expression was localized predominantly in the cytoplasm of ESCC tissues. Significantly higher SLC7A11 expression levels were observed in ESCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues（P<0. 001）. High SLC7A11 expression was associated with poorer differentiation in patients（P<0. 01）. Kaplan-Meier survival analy- sis demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival in patients with high SLC7A11 expression compared to those with low expression（P<0. 05）. CCK-8 and colony formation assays demonstrated that the knockdown of SLC7A11 expression significantly suppressed the proliferative capacity of tumor cells（P<0. 001）. Furthermore，Transwell assays revealed a marked decline in tumor cell migration capacity following SLC7A11 suppression（P<0. 001）. Critically，SLC7A11 knockdown also reduced intracellular levels of ATP，lactate，and pyruvate，demonstrating that SLC7A11 modulated metabolic activity in ESCC cells（P<0. 001）. Conclusion The expression level of SLC7A11 is relatively high in ESCC and is strongly associated with poor prognosis. Silencing SLC7A11 signifi- cantly inhibits esophageal cancer cell growth and migration. SLC7A11 has the ability to regulate glucose，lactic acid and ATP metabolism levels in ESCC，thereby affecting the metabolic microenvironment of ESCC.

Correlation analysis of inflammatory markers（NLR/PLR/SII） with the severity of intrauterine adhesions

Wang Ying1，2，3，Xu Xuan1，2，3，Zhang Longyu1，2，3，Wu Rong1，2，3，Hu Jingjing1，2，3，Yang Wenjuan1，2，3， Wu Xiao1，2，3，Wei Zhaolian1，2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.022

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Clinical analysis of assisted reproductive technology assisted pregnancy outcome in female patients with thyroid cancer after surgery

Yao Xiang1，2，3，Xu Wenjuan1，2，3，Wang Jianye1，2，3，Gao Qun4，Zhao Gang5，Zhou Ping1，2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.023

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abstract:
To evaluate the pregnancy outcomes of assisted reproductive technology（ART）in women with a history of thyroid cancer who retained fertility intentions after completing cancer treatment. Methods A ret- rospective analysis was performed on 61 patients with a history of thyroid cancer who underwent in vitro fertilization/ intracytoplasmic sperm microinjection and embryo transfer（IVF/ICSI-ET）. These patients were included as the case group. A total of 122 non-cancer patients who received ART during the same period were selected as the con- trol group using 1 ∶2 matching based on age and oocyte retrieval time. Baseline characteristics，outcomes of the first ART cycle，and cumulative pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the basic data，the total amount of gonadotropin（Gn）and the days of use between the case group and the control group（P>0. 05）. However，the case group had significantly fewer retrieved oocytes， mature oocytes（MII），lower fertilization and cleavage rates，and fewer transferable and high-quality embryos，as well as fewer embryos transferred during the first cycle（P < 0. 05）. However，there was no significant difference in the rate of first embryo implantation and first clinical pregnancy between the two groups（P>0. 05）. In the analy- sis of cumulative outcomes，the two groups did not show statistically significant differences in the cumulative preg- nancy rate，clinical pregnancy rate per transfer cycle，the number of oocyte retrieval cycles required per live birth， the number of embryo transfer cycles required per live birth，and the number of embryos used for each live birth（P >0. 05）. However，the cumulative live birth rate was significantly lower in the case group compared to the control group（P=0. 005）. Conclusion After treatment for thyroid cancer，when ART is used to help pregnant women， the pregnancy outcome is comparable to that of women without tumors. Individualized reproductive management and timely fertility preservation strategies are recommended to optimize reproductive outcomes in this population.

Effects of hypoxia at different concentrations on the migration capacity of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells

Wang Qian1，2，Wang Zhaoyan2，Luan Zuo2，Yuan Yuhua1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.005

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abstract:
To explore the effects of hypoxia on the migration ability of human oligodendrocyte precur-sor cells（hOPCs）and its regulatory mechanisms. Methods Based on the variations in oxygen concentration within the culture system，three experimental groups were set up：the 21% O₂ group（normoxic control group），the 5% O₂ group，and the 2% O₂ group. The migration ability of hOPCs under normoxia（21% O₂), 5% O₂ , and 2% O₂ conditions was detected through the Transwell migration assay. RT-qPCR，transcriptome sequencing，and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression changes of genes and proteins such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha （HIF-1α) and chemokine（C-X-C Motif）receptor 4（CXCR4）. Bioinformatics analysis was combined to analyze the KEGG pathways related to migration，so as to explore the effects of different oxygen concentrations on the migra - tion ability of hOPCs and their possible mechanisms. Results Hypoxia treatments at concentrations of 5% O ₂ and 2% O ₂ could both promote the in vitro migration of hOPCs，and the promoting effect of migration was more signifi- cant at the 2% O ₂ concentration（P<0. 001）. After hypoxia treatment，the mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α , CXCR4，etc. in hOPCs significantly increased（P<0. 001）. Compared with the 5% O ₂ concentration，the expres-sion of CXCR4 in cells was higher at the 2% O ₂ concentration（P<0. 000 1）. Flow cytometry analysis detection showed that the expression of CXCR4 increased significantly after hypoxia treatment（P<0. 01），and with the de- crease of oxygen concentration，its expression level further increased（P<0. 000 1）. Ordinary transcriptome se- quencing analysis indicated that hypoxia treatment could activate the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the Axon guidance pathway. Conclusion Hypoxia treatment can enhance the in vitro migration ability of hOPCs，and this effect is negatively correlated with the oxygen concentration. Its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of the expression of genes such as HIF-1α and CXCR4，and the activation of the migration related signaling pathway including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and axon guidance pathway.

Analysis of the changes in intestinal microbiota of patients with moderate to severe acne based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology

Jiang Shichao，Wang Xiaomeng，Chen Zheng，Qiao Song，Yang Fan，Guo Birong

DOI: 专辑：医药卫生科技

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The role of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in predicting postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing perioperative joint replacement surgery

Wu Jianxiao1，Zhang Muchun1，Guo Jingyi1，Yang Lizhuang2，Hu Xianwen1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.019

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abstract:
To explore the role of neuroimaging features monitored by functional near-infrared spectros- copy（fNIRS）in postoperative delirium（POD）in elderly patients undergoing joint replacement during periopera- tive period，and to provide a basis for early clinical prediction. Methods A total of 105 elderly patients who under- went joint replacement under general anesthesia were included. The Mini-Mental State Examination（MMSE）scale was used to evaluate the patient's cognition one day before the operation. Before the start of the surgery，fNIRS was used to monitor the changes of cerebral blood oxygen saturation when the patient performed the task state. The 3- minute delirium diagnostic scale（3D-CAM scale）was used to evaluate the occurrence of POD at 24，48 and 72 h after operation. Brain network analysis was performed and Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the rela - tionship between fNIRS monitoring data and POD in elderly patients undergoing joint replacement surgery during preoperative task state. The receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC curve）was constructed to evaluate the di- agnostic efficacy，and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to test the goodness of fit of the model. Results Among 105 patients，100 cases were effectively analyzed，of which 20 cases（20%）had POD. Brain net- work analysis showed that the r value of functional connectivity correlation coefficient in POD group（0. 069± 0. 118）was lower than that in non-POD group（0. 073±0. 084）. The low channel connectivity of right primary so- matosensory cortex-right primary motor cortex（ RS1-RM1）and left anterior pole-right Broca's triangle（ LFP- RBA44）was an important factor affecting the occurrence of POD（P < 0. 05）. Based on this result，the area under the ROC curve was 0. 797 and 0. 784，respectively. The results of Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed that the model fitted well（all P>0. 5）. Conclusion The neuroimaging features extracted from the cerebral oxygen saturation data monitored by fNIRS are significantly correlated with the risk of POD in elderly patients undergoing joint replacement during perioperative period. Among them，the low connectivity of preoperative RS1-RM1 and LFP-RBA44 brain network channels is an important influencing factor of POD occurrence. Predicting the occur- rence of POD based on fNIRS is conducive to the early intervention and risk reduction of perioperative complica - tions，improving medical quality and promoting precision medical practice.

Comparison between ultrafiltration and dextran gel method in the purification of Tfn/PCL micelles

Yu Lingbo1，2，Zhang Yadong2，3，Xu Rui1，2，Sun Yuyu2，Wang Huiyun2，Yang Jinjin1，Cui Yanan2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.010

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abstract:
By using purification efficiency and micelle purity as indicators，the effect of ultrafiltration and dextran gel method for purifying transferrin/polycaprolactone（ Tfn/PCL ）micelles was compared. Methods Coumarin-6（C6）was used as a fluorescent probe and was loaded into HOOC-PEG-PCL to form PCL micelles by the film-dispersion method. Tfn was then conjugated to the surface of PCL micelles via an amidation reaction，re- sulting in two types of micelles：Tfn/PCLH and Tfn/PCLL. The pharmaceutical properties of the two types of micelles were characterized. The micelles were then purified through ultrafiltration method and dextran gel method respec- tively，and the efficiency of the two methods，along with the purity of the final micelles，was compared. The den- sity of Tfn on the surface of PCL micelles was also calculated. Results The hydrated diameter of PCL micelles was approximately 73 nm，and the C6 loading efficiency was around 0. 046%. The size increased to 134 nm and 158 nm for Tfn/PCLL and Tfn/PCLH，respectively. The micelle population was monodisperse. The purification results showed that，for the ultrafiltration method，after two and one rounds of purification，the Tfn/C6 ratio stabilized at 23. 6 and 3. 4 for Tfn/PCLH and Tfn/PCLL，respectively. For the dextran gel filtration method，the Tfn/C6 ratio reached 23. 7 for the Tfn/PCLH group after two rounds of purification. However，for the Tfn/PCLL group，the Tfn/C6 ratio increased during four rounds of dextran gel purification，and a significant difference（P = 0. 042 4）was ob- served between the first and last filtrations. The density of Tfn in the final micelles were calculated. For the ultrafil- tration method，the Tfn density of Tfn/PCLH and Tfn/PCLL were 94. 9% and 13. 8%，respectively. For the dextran gel filtration method，the density of the two micelles were 95. 6% and 14. 4%，respectively. For Tfn/PCLL group， the density results revealing a statistically significant difference（P=0. 000 2）. Conclusion The purification effi- ciency of the two methods is comparable. However，the purity of the final micelles shows a significant difference， with the dextran gel filtration method resulting in higher purity，particularly for the Tfn/PCLL micelles.

Mechanistic study on ITGA6 regulation of abdominal wall endometriosis via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Gu Rong1，2，Huang Hailiang3，Wang Xinrui4，Li Hanlu4，Liu Kaijiang5，Zhu Ying1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.011

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abstract:
To investigate the differential expression of integrin alpha-6（ITGA6）in abdominal wall en- dometriosis（AWE）tissues and its molecular mechanisms in regulating AWE. Methods 36 AWE lesions were designated as the experimental group，while 36 cases of normal endometrial tissues served as the controls. Differen- tial expression of ITGA6 between the two groups was assessed through immunohistochemical（IHC）staining. Hu- man ITGA6 gene-specific interference sequences were designed，synthesized，and packaged into lentiviral vectors to establish the Ishikawa cell line with ITGA6-knockdown. Similarly，the ITGA6-overexpression cell line was con- structed using the coding sequence（CDS）of the gene. Real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to detect changes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）-related markers and angiogenesis-related indicators. Cell in- vasion and migration capabilities were assessed by Cell Scratch and Transwell assays. Furthermore，Western blot was conducted to profile PI3K/AKT pathway dynamics. Results Ectopic endometrial tissues exhibited a marked increase in the number of ITGA6-positive cells and their expression intensity compared to eutopic endometrium （each P < 0. 001）. Compared with the NC group，the ITGA6-knockdown group showed significantly reduced ex- pression of N-cadherin，VEGF，and TGF-阝1（P < 0. 01）， while E-cadherin expression was markedly increased （P < 0. 01）. Concomitantly，the invasion and migration capacities of ITGA6-low expression were significantly im- paired（P < 0. 001 for both），accompanied by a marked reduction in AKT and phosphorylated AKT（p-AKT）levels （all P < 0. 001）. Conversely，overexpressing ITGA6 resulted in opposite effects. Conclusion ITGA6 modulates EMT and angiogenesis in Ishikawa cells via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway，thereby enhancing cell invasion and migration capabilities，which contributes to the pathogenesis of AWE.

Insomnia and quality of life as chain mediators between negative life events and depression severity in adolescents with depressive disorders

Zhang Xu1，Liu Lewei2，Wang Jiawei3，Geng Feng4，Mo Daming5，Chen Changhao6，Liu Zhiwei7， Wen Xiangwang8，Luo Xiangfen9，Liu Huanzhong1，2，5

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.025

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abstract:
To explore the relationship between negative life events and depression severity in adoles ‑ cent patients with depressive disorder，as well as the chain mediating role of insomnia symptoms and quality of life. Methods 374 outpatient patients and hospitalized patients with adolescent depressive disorders were enrolled. The Adolescent Life Event Scale（ASLEC）， the Insomnia Severity Index（ISI）， the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire Short Form（WHOQOL-BREF）， and the Center for Epidemiology Depression Scale （CES-D）were used to evaluate the negative life event situation，insomnia symptoms，quality of life level and de‑ pression severity of the subjects，respectively. In addition，the PROCESS 4. 0 macroprogram was used to analyze the chain mediating effect of insomnia symptoms and quality of life between negative life events and depression se ‑ verity in patients with adolescent depressive disorder. Results The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between negative life events and insomnia symptoms，quality of life，and depression severity（all P<0. 05）. In addition，the results of chain mediation showed that negative life events had a significant direct effect on depression severity，with an effect size of 0. 12（P<0. 001）. Insomnia symptoms and quality of life played a mediating role in the relationship between negative life events and depression severity in patients with ado ‑ lescent depressive disorders，with indirect effect sizes of 0. 061（95%CI：0. 040-0. 087）and 0. 100（95%CI： 0. 065-0. 136）， respectively. It could also play a chain mediation role，and the effect size was 0. 043（95%CI： 0. 026-0. 063）. Conclusion Negative life events experienced by patients with adolescent depressive disorder not only directly affect the severity of depressive symptoms，but may also indirectly exacerbate depression through in ‑somnia symptoms and quality of life.

Research on the correlation between Ddit3-Trib3-Akt signaling pathway and spermatogenesis in rats based on the testicular tissue co-culture system

Li Yan1，2，Liu Shanshan1，Gao Lin1，Kong Lingyi1，Yun Xia1，Zhang Yan1，Liu Taodi1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.014

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Comparison of public awareness of tuberculosis control information in Inner Mongolia between the initial stage and 17 years after the implementation of DOTS strategy

Qi Jiafu，Gao Pengfei，Sun Jia，Yu Yanqin，Hao Jinqi

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.014

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abstract:
To provide evidence for strengthening tuberculosis control in Inner Mongolia by analyzing changes and influencing factors in public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control information among resi ‑ dents between the early stage and 17 years after the implementation of the directly observed treatment，short-course （DOTS）strategy. Methods Based on the "National Public Knowledge，Belief and Behavior Questionnaire on Tu ‑ berculosis Prevention and Control" designed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention，a question‑ naire survey was conducted among residents in Inner Mongolia using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis，and binary Logistic regression was employed to explore the influencing factors of public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control information. Results The overall awareness rate of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control among the public was 67. 7% in 2006， and it decreased to 49. 2% in 2023（P<0. 05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed：Compared with the groups aged 15~29，illiterate and semi-illiterate，those with public medical care，and those with three or fewer family members，the awareness rate of the groups aged 60 and above（OR=0. 689），those with primary and junior high school education（OR=0. 856），and those with self-paid medical care（OR=0. 468）was significantly lower in 2006. The awareness rate was relatively high in groups with more than 3 family members（OR=1. 236）（P<0. 05）. Compared with the groups aged 15~29，illiterate and semi-illiterate，married，Han ethnicity，employed，and those receiving public medical care，the awareness rate was higher among the groups aged 30~59（OR=1. 976），60 and above（OR=2. 224），those with high school education and above（OR=2. 801），and single（OR=2. 244）in 2023. However，the awareness rates of ethnic minorities（OR=0. 737），the unemployed（OR=0. 557）， and self-funded medical care（OR=0. 497）groups were significantly lower（P<0. 05）. Conclusion Public awareness of TB pre‑ vention knowledge in Inner Mongolia remains suboptimal. Strengthening diversified health education campaigns， addressing social stigma，and improving healthcare access are critical to enhance regional TB control outcomes.

Effects of prostaglandin E2 injection into the median preoptic nucleus on body temperature in female mice and its mechanisms

Li Ya1，Song Yian1，Ji Qiaofeng2，Xu Lei1，Zhang Jie2，Xu Jianhui2，Hou Xiaoyu1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.009

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abstract:
To investigate the effects of prostaglandin E2（PGE2）microinjection into the median preop- tic nucleus（MnPO）on core body temperature in female mice，and to clarify its underlying mechanism. Methods Microinjection cannula were implanted into the MnPO of female mice using stereotaxic surgery. Subsequently，a multi-channel temperature acquisition system was used to simultaneously monitor rectal and brown adipose tissue （BAT）temperatures before and after intra-MnPO injections of different reagents. To investigate the thermoregula- tory effects of the microinjection of PGE2 into the MnPO，12 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a sa- line group（n=6）and a PGE2 group（n=6），which were injected with 0. 1 μL saline and PGE2（2. 8 mmol/L），re- spectively. To determine whether E-series prostaglandin receptor（EP）1，EP3，and EP4 receptors mediate the ther- moregulatory effects of PGE2，15 female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups（n=5 per group）. Mice in each group first received an injection of 0. 1 μL PGE2（2. 8 mmol/L）into the MnPO. After their body tempera- ture returned to baseline levels，they were subsequently injected with a mixture of either EP 1，EP3 or EP4 antago- nist（ant）（20 mmol/L）+ PGE2（2. 8 mmol/L）. Results Compared with baseline level，the rectal temperature（P <0. 01）and BAT temperature（P<0. 001）of female mice both increased significantly after microinjection of PGE2 into the MnPO. Compared with the saline group，the increases in rectal temperature（P<0. 001）and BAT tempera- ture（P<0. 000 1）were significantly greater in the PGE2 group of mice. Furthermore，following the injection of PGE2 into MnPO，the increase in BAT temperature was found to be significantly greater than that in rectal tempera- ture in mice（P<0. 001）. Compared to the administration of PGE2 alone，co-injection of an EP3 ant + PGE2 into the MnPO of mice resulted in a significantly smaller increase in both rectal temperature（P<0. 001）and BAT tempera- ture（P<0. 001）. In contrast，the increases in rectal and BAT temperatures following MnPO injection of either EP 1 ant + PGE2 or EP4 ant + PGE2 were not statistically significant（P>0. 05）. Conclusion Injection of PGE2 into the MnPO elevates BAT and core body temperature in female mice via the EP3 receptor.

Construction and validation of a prediction model for pyloric lymph node metastasis in upper gastric cancer

Ma Zhisheng，Song Zhaoyu，Chen Peifeng，Sui Wannian，Chen Zhangming，Han Wenxiu

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.020

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abstract:
To identify the independent risk factors for pyloric lymph node（PLN）metastasis in pa- tients with upper gastric cancer（UGC）and to construct a nomogram prediction model applicable for UGC patients. Methods Clinical data of 823 UGC patients attended between January 2020 and November 2023 were retrospec- tively collected. Patients were randomly divided into a training set（n=576）and a validation set（n=247）at a 7：3 ratio. Based on the training set，multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for PLN metastasis，and a nomogram prediction model was constructed accordingly. The model ’s dis- criminative ability and calibration were assessed using receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curves and calibra- tion curves. Finally，external validation was conducted using the validation set to evaluate the model ’s stability and generalizability. Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that tumor size（ OR=1. 324， 95%CI：1. 053-1. 667），T3 stage（OR=5. 738，95%CI：1. 281-25. 695），T4 stage（OR=7. 680，95%CI：1. 542- 38. 247）， lymphovascular invasion（LVI ）（OR=6. 623，95%CI：1. 384-31. 708）， differentiation extent（OR= 3. 108，95%CI：1. 545-6. 251）， and fibrinogen degradation product（FDP）level（OR=4. 849，95%CI：2. 071- 11. 355）were independent risk factors for PLN metastasis in UGC patients. The nomogram model constructed based on these factors demonstrated areas under the ROC curve（AUC）of 0. 815（95%CI：0. 751-0. 815）in the training set and 0. 832（95%CI：0. 731-0. 933）in the validation set. Calibration curves indicated good agreement between predicted and observed outcomes. Conclusion This nomogram prediction model exhibits good predictive performance for assessing the risk of PLN metastasis in UGC patients.

Atorvastatin inhibits orthodontic tooth movement in rats by promoting periodontal bone formation

Song Xinyi，Ding Siqi，Cheng Yuhe，Liu Xiaoyu，Wu Tingting

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.022

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abstract:
To investigate the effects of atorvastatin（ATV）on the proliferation and differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs），periodontal ligament stem cells（PDLSCs），and dental pulp stem cells（DPSCs）in vitro，and to validate the regulatory effect of ATV on periodontal bone formation and tooth movement using a rat orthodontic tooth movement（OTM）model. Methods The effects of ATV on the proliferation and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs，PDLSCs，and DPSCs were assessed in vitro. CCK-8 as‑ say was used to detect the proliferation of the three types of cells. Alkaline phosphatase（ALP）staining and Aliza‑ rin Red staining were employed to evaluate osteogenic differentiation capacity. Western blot was used to detect the expression of osteogenesis-related proteins ［Collagen type I （ COL-I）， Runt-related transcription factor 2 （Runx2）， Bone morphogenetic protein-2（BMP-2）， Osteocalcin（OCN）］ and the odontogenesis-related protein Dentin sialophosphoprotein（DSPP）in BMSCs，PDLSCs，and DPSCs. An OTM rat model was established，with rats randomly assigned to an ATV gavage group and a control group. The ATV gavage group received daily oral ad ‑ ministration of ATV at a dose of 20 mg/kg，while the control group received an equal volume of solvent by gavage. Tooth movement distance was measured via Micro-CT on days 7，14，and 21. Histomorphology of periodontal tis‑ sues was observed using Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE）staining and Masson staining. The gene and protein expres‑ sion levels of osteogenic markers（BMP-2，Runx2，OCN）on the tension side of the first molar were detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry，respectively. Results ATV at concentrations of 10 ⁻⁶ mol/L and 10 ⁻⁷ mol/L significantly promoted the proliferation and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of BMSCs，PDLSCs，and DP‑ SCs，manifested as enhanced ALP activity，increased mineralized nodule formation，and up-regulated expression of osteogenic/odontogenic proteins COL-I，Runx2，BMP-2，OCN，and DSPP（P<0. 001）. In the OTM model， compared with the control group，the ATV gavage group showed a significant reduction in tooth movement distance （P<0. 05）， enhanced osteogenic activity in periodontal tissues，and significantly increased gene（P<0. 001）and protein（ P<0. 05）expression of BMP-2，Runx2，and OCN on the tension side of the first molar. Conclusion ATV enhances periodontal osteogenesis by promoting osteogenic/dentinogenic differentiation，thus inhibiting tooth movement.

Exploring the therapeutic effect of total timosaponin on central precocious puberty model rats based on the RFRP-3/GPR147 signaling pathway

Zhang Kai1,2, Zhang Xuerong3,4, Chen Ziqin3,4, Wang Gehuan3,4, Jiang Xingyanying3,4

DOI: 专辑：医药卫生科技

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abstract:
To explore the molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effect of total timosaponin on central precocious puberty (CPP) rats based on the RF-amide-related Peptide 3 (RFRP-3)/G protein-coupled receptor 147 (GPR147) signaling pathway. Methods Twenty-six day-old female SD rats were randomly assigned into a control group, a model group, an RFRP-3 up-regulated group (1.5 mg/kg), a total timosaponin group (200mg/kg), a total timosaponin+empty load group, and a total timosaponin+RFRP-3 knockdown group, with 12 rats in each group. A CPP rat model was prepared by subcutaneous injection of N-methyl-DL-aspartic acid (NMA) (40mg/kg). After modeling and administration, the opening time of the rat’s vulva and the first estrus interval daily were observed. Administration was stopped when the first estrus interval appeared in the model group. The day of vaginal opening and the time of the first estrus interval of rats were recorded in each group of rats. The wet masses of both ovaries and uterus were measured, and the ovarian and uterine indices were calculated; HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of rat ovarian and uterine tissues, the number of corpus luteum in the ovaries and the thickness of the uterine wall were determined; ELISA method was applied to detect levels of serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E2); RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), KISS-1, GPR54, RFRP-3, and GPR147. Results Compared with the control group, the day of vaginal opening and the time of the first estrus interval of rats in the model group were advanced (P<0.05), the ovarian index and uterine index, number of ovarian corpus luteum and uterine wall thickness, serum LH, FSH, E2 levels, and the GnRH, KISS-1, and GPR54 mRNA expression levels in the hypothalamus increased (P<0.05), while the RFRP-3 and GPR147 mRNA expression levels decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the day of vaginal opening and the time of the first estrus interval of rats in the RFRP-3 up-regulated group and the total timosaponin group were delayed (P<0.05), the ovarian index and uterine index, number of ovarian corpus luteum and uterine wall thickness, serum LH, FSH, E2 levels, and the GnRH, KISS-1, and GPR54 mRNA expression levels in the hypothalamus decreased (P<0.05), while the RFRP-3 and GPR147 mRNA expression levels increased (P<0.05). Knocking down RFRP-3 could prominently weaken the delaying effect of total timosaponin on the development of precocious puberty in CPP rats (P<0.05). Conclusion Total timosaponin may inhibit the release of GnRH and premature activation of he hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis by activating the RFRP-3/GPR147 signaling pathway, thereby alleviating the degree of precocious puberty development in CPP model rats.

Knockdown TMEM16B reduces brain edema and protects the blood-brain barrier after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Zhang Jingbin1,2 ，Liu Qian1 ，Pan Ziyan1 ，Yao Tianxi1 ，Yin Jiangwen1,2

DOI: 专辑：医药卫生科技

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abstract:
To explore the effects of transmembrane protein 16B(TMEM16B) on brain edema and blood-brain barrier after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods TMEM16B overexpression and knockdown was performed by adeno-associated virus (AAV), and then adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Rats were randomly divided into Sham group, MCAO group, AAV no-load group, TMEM16B overexpression group and TMEM16B knockdown group. Modified neurological severity scores, adhesive removal test and cylinder test were used to evaluate neurologic function.The ultrastructure of ischemic brain tissue was observed by transmission electron microscope. Brain water content was reflected by dry wet weight ratio of brain tissue. The expressions ofTMEM16B, aquaporin4(AQP4), Claudin5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were investigated by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Results Compared with the AAV no-load group, the sensory and motor functions of rats in TMEM16B overexpression group were significantly impaired. Mitochondria were swollen; mitochondrial cristae and tight junctions disappeared. The brain water content was higher in overexpression group. The expression ofTMEM16B and AQP4 increased while the expression of Claudin5 and ZO-1 decreased. Compared with the AAV no-load group, the rats in TMEM16B knockdown group showed some recovery in motor function. The mitochondrial cristae and structure were clear, and the basement membrane was partially blurred. The brain water content was lower in knockdown group. The protein levels ofTMEM16B and AQP4 were lower while the levels ofClaudin5 and ZO-1 were higher than that in AAV no-load group. Conclusion An increase in TMEM16B aggravates brain edema and blood-brain barrier damage in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, while a decrease in TMEM16B expression alleviates brain edema and protects the blood-brain barrier.

A VBM study on gray matter structure alterations in patients with Alzheimer ’s disease comorbid with apathy

Ji Yi1，Pang Xuerui1，Yang Chaoyi1，Dai Yulong1，Zhou Shanshan1，Wu Xingqi1，Wang Kai1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.024

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abstract:
To investigate the characteristics of gray matter structure and clinical symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease（AD）comorbid with apathy（AD-A）. Methods The study included 30 patients with AD- A，30 AD disease patients without apathy（AD without apathy，AD-NA），and 30 healthy controls（HCs）matched in gender，age，and years of education. All participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assess- ment and magnetic resonance imaging（ MRI ）scans. Voxel-based morphometry（ VBM ）was used to analyze changes in gray matter volume among the three groups. Additionally，the correlation between the identified abnor- mal brain regions and apathy scale scores was analyzed. Results There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in terms of age，gender，years of education，or total intracranial volume. Compared with the HCs group，both the AD-A and AD-NA groups showed significantly lower scores in cognitive function（ P< 0. 001）. The AD-A group exhibited significantly higher apathy scale scores compared with the AD-NA group（P< 0. 001）. Compared with the AD-NA group，the AD-A group showed reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral caudate nucleus，left orbitofrontal cortex，lingual gyrus，inferior frontal gyrus，superior frontal gyrus，entorhinal cortex，right middle frontal gyrus and posterior cingulate cortex（FWE-corrected，P<0. 05 for all）. Compared with the HCs group，the AD-A group exhibited reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus，left fusiform gyrus，calcarine sulcus，postcentral gyrus，right inferior frontal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus（FWE- corrected，P<0. 05 for all）. Compared with the HCs group，the AD-NA group showed reduced gray matter volume in the left precuneus，inferior temporal gyrus，and right inferior temporal gyrus（FWE-corrected，P<0. 05 for all）. In the AD-A group，changes in the gray matter volume of the left caudate nucleus（r= -0. 557，P=0. 002）and right middle frontal gyrus（r=-0. 620，P=0. 001）were negatively correlated with the apathy evaluation scale（ AES） scores. Conclusion Patients in the AD-A group exhibited significant atrophy in the frontal-temporal-basal ganglia circuit，and the degree of gray matter atrophy was correlated with the severity of apathy.

A preliminary study on Toxoplasma gondii interfering with copper metabolism pathways in mouse kidney

Yang Jun1，2，3，Ren Chuanming2，4，Liu Ming1，2，3，Wang Kunting2，4，Chen He5，Cai Yihong1，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.019

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abstract:
To investigate the effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection on copper metabolism in the kid- neys of mice. Methods A total of 80 7-8-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were randomly divided into four groups of 20 mice in each group after one week of adaptation，including Control group，Cu group，TgCtwh6 group and Cu+ TgCtwh6 group. Mice that were not infected and fed with normal diet and water were used as the Control group； Mice fed with 1 g/kg of copper chloride processing diet and 0. 1% copper chloride water for 60 consecutive days were used as Cu group；Mice infected with 25-30 TgCtwh6 cysts（one of the predominant genotype Chinese 1 in China）fed with normal diet and water were used as the TgCtwh6 group；mice infected with 25-30 TgCtwh6 cysts and fed with a processed diet containing 1 g/kg of copper chloride and water with 0. 1% copper chloride for 60 con- secutive days were used as the Cu+TgCtwh6 group. ICP-MS was used to determine the changes in copper content in kidney tissues. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining was used to observe the pathological changes of mouse kidney tis- sue. The number of apoptotic cells was observed by PI staining. Western blot was used to detect the protein expres- sion levels of glutathione peroxidase 4（GPX4）and superoxide dismutase（SOD1，SOD2）. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of cuproptosis-related genes. Results Pathological manifestations such as inflamma- tory cell infiltration in the Cu group and TgCtwh6 group were seen under the microscope，and the inflammatory in- filtrating cells of the renal interstitial were reduced in the Cu+TgCtwh6 group，and the pathological manifestations of glomerular tubular structure were improved. The number of apoptotic cells in the Cu+TgCtwh6 group（88. 36± 19）was lower than that in the Cu group（119. 0±20）. Compared with the Cu+TgCtwh6 group，the expression of SOD1 protein was down-regulated，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0. 05）. TgCtwh6 infection could restore the down-regulation of renal glutaminase（GLS）expression and the up-regulation of ATPase copper transporting beta gene（ATP7B）expression caused by copper overload. Conclusion Toxoplasma gondii infection can interfere with the copper metabolism pathway in the kidney of mice，improve the kidney damage caused by cop- per overload，and provide new clues for the treatment of copper overload disease.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of 2 054 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children based on imaging and clinical severity classification

Li Jiao1，2，Zhou Jiantao1，Ha Qingxu1，Huo Shaohu1，Ding Junli1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.012

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abstract:
To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneu- monia（MPP）in children based on a dual classification integrating imaging features and clinical severity. Meth ⁃ ods Medical records of 2 054 pediatric patients with MPP were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort was stratified into severe consolidation（n=253）， severe non-consolidation（n=118）， non-severe consolidation（n=393）， and non-severe non-consolidation groups（n=1 290）based on clinical and radiological findings. Inter group data and characteristics were compared and multiple regression analysis was conducted to construct a prediction model for se - vere consolidation group. Results Significant differences were observed among the groups in terms of age，dura-tion of fever ，length of hospital stay ，presence of pulmonary rales ，inflammatory markers［C-reactive protein （CRP）and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）］， the use of hormones，and bronchoscopic treatment（all P < 0. 05）. Compared with the severe non-consolidation group ， non-severe consolidation group ， and non-severe non- consolidation group，children in severe consolidation group exhibited the longest duration of fever［8（6，11）days vs 6（2，9），7（6，9）and 6（3，8）days，respectively］and the longest length of hospital stay［7（5，8）days vs 6 （5，8），6（5，8）and 6（4，7）days，respectively］. They also had the highest incidence of reduced breath sounds ［34 cases（13. 4%）vs 2 cases（1. 7%）， 29 cases（7. 4%）and 13 cases（1. 0%）， respectively］and a substan-tially higher rate of coinfections，particularly viral infections［63 cases（24. 9%）vs 23 cases（19. 5%），60 cases （15. 3%）and 190 cases（14. 7%），respectively］. Multivariate analysis indicated that the independent risk factors for severe MPP（ SMPP ）were age > 4. 5 years，length of hospital stay > 6. 5 days，reduced breath sounds， neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio（NLR ）> 1. 66，LDH > 370. 5 U/L，CRP > 9. 5 mg/L，and coinfection with vi-ruses. Reduced breath sounds（OR = 5. 58，95% CI：2. 45 - 12. 69）and coinfection with bacteria（OR = 3. 11， 95% CI：1. 43 - 6. 75）were identified as the most significant risk factors for pulmonary consolidation in non-severe MPP children. Additionally，reduced breath sounds，coinfection with viruses，LDH > 365. 5 U/L，and CRP > 32. 1 mg/L were risk factors for severe pneumonia in children with pulmonary consolidation. For non-consolidation MPP children，the presence of pulmonary dry rales（OR = 2. 28，95% CI：1. 46 - 3. 56）was the primary indepen- dent risk factor for the development of severe pneumonia. Conclusion The chest imaging findings of MPP are asso- ciated with clinical severity，and the risk factor model constructed based on this imaging-clinical classification can assist in achieving precise hierarchical diagnosis and treatment in clinical practice.

Preparation of bio-inspired dental crown materials with enhanced impact resistance and its in vitro biocompatibility research

Zeng Qingsheng1，Zou Duohong1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.023

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abstract:
To prepare biomimetic nanocomposites，characterize their biomimetic structures，test their quasi-static mechanical properties，dynamic mechanical properties and biocompatibility，and to explore the possi- bility of them as biomimetic composite materials for oral crowns. Methods The microstructure of alumina micro- platelets and kaolin particles was observed using scanning electron microscopy（SEM）and metallographic micros- copy. Alumina microplatelets were mixed with kaolin particles to form a ceramic slurry，which was then used to prepare a composite film via evaporation-induced self-assembly. The multilayer composite ceramic material was produced through pressureless sintering followed by organic polymer treatment. The microstructures before and af- ter sintering，as well as after polymer infiltration，were observed using SEM. The organic content of the composite film was analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. Phase composition changes before and after sintering were exam- ined using X-ray diffraction. The compressive and flexural strengths of different groups with varying numbers of lay- ers（specifically 50，16，8，4，2，and 1 layers）were tested using a universal mechanical testing machine. The en- ergy dissipation performance of the different groups was evaluated through drop ball and drop hammer tests. The biocompatibility of the composite material was investigated using the CCK-8，live/dead cell staining，and cell adhe- sion experiments. Results The ceramic framework（CF）exhibited a nacre-like structure internally，with clearly defined layered interfaces in the cross-section of the multilayer composite. The organic content increased propor- tionally with the number of layers. After sintering，the crystal phase underwent transformation，and internal crystal bonding occurred. As the number of layers increased，the compressive and flexural strengths showed a modest de- cline，while the energy dissipation performance improved significantly. The optimal results from the drop ball test and drop hammer test reached 80. 64% and 11. 65 kJ/m² , respectively. No significant differences were observed in CCK-8 assays and live/dead cell staining between the blank control group and the material group. Cells adhered fa- vorably to the composite material. Conclusion Multilayer composite ceramic materials exhibit excellent quasi- static mechanical properties，remarkable dynamic mechanical performance，and superior biological compatibility. It is verified that the hierarchically designed，nacre-like composite successfully fabricated in this work is antici- pated to become a novel type of composite dental crown material for oral applications.

Functional and mechanistic study of proto-oncogene SKI mutations in promoting cholangiocarcinoma cells tumorigenesis

Zha Dantong1，Yang Aiqing2，Cao Pengbo2，Qi Xin3，Zhou Gangqiao1，2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.008

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Prognostic significance of TRIM28 elevation in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia

Gong Siqi1，Li Cong1，Fan Mengmeng1，Wang Huiping1，Zhang Wanqiu1，Liang Xue1， Tao Qianshan1，Hong Qiang2，Zhai Zhimin1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.016

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abstract:
To clarify the expression of TRIM28 in non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia（AML）and its cor- relation with clinical indicators and prognosis，and to further explore the effect of TRIM28 expression levels on the proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells using small interfering RNA. Methods The GSE34577 dataset was ana- lyzed using R software to compare TRIM28 expression between healthy controls and non-M3 acute myeloid leuke- mia（AML）patients. Clinical samples from non-M3 AML patients were collected，with TRIM28 expression levels measured using real-time quantitative PCR（qPCR）. The analysis focused on correlations between TRIM28 expres- sion and various clinical indicators，treatment efficacy ，and patient prognosis. Furthermore ，small interfering RNA（siRNA）technology was employed to downregulate TRIM28 expression in human primary AML cells（HL60 cell line）. The effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis were then assessed through CCK-8 assays and flow cytom- etry，respectively. Results The results showed that TRIM28 was up-regulated in non-M3 AML of both online data- base GSE34577 and clinical samples（P<0. 000 1）， TRIM28 expression of new diagnosis（ND ）group and re- lapsed refractory（RR）group was higher than iron deficiency anemia（IDA）group（P<0. 01）， and there was no significance between different French-American-British classification systems（FAB）subtype. TRIM28 expression was higher in non-M3 AML patients with a poor genetic prognosis stratified as moderate than in the good prognosis group，and TRIM28 expression was associated with NPM1 combined with the FLT3-ITD mutation，positively corre- lated with age，bone marrow blast，peripheral blood blast and white blood cell，negatively correlated with hemoglo- bin. In addition，interference TRIM28 greatly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. Conclu ⁃ sion This study reveals that TRIM28 is highly expressed in non-M3 AML and associated with prognosis，and plays a key role in the proliferation and apoptosis of AML cells，suggesting that TRIM28 may serve as a novel thera- peutic target for non-M3 AML.

Effect of Huangqi jiuni decoction on acute liver injury in severely scalded rats and its molecular mechanism

Zhang Yuhao1，Zhao Jie2，Sun Yexiang1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.013

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abstract:
To investigate the effect of Huangqi jiuni decoction（HQJND）on acute liver injury in se- verely scalded rats and its possible molecular mechanism by animal experiments and modern pharmacological tools. Methods Firstly，the rat model of sepsis was established and randomly divided into 4 groups. The normal saline group was given 1 mL of normal saline twice a day，and the traditional Chinese medicine group was given 1 mL of concentrated huangqi jiuni decoction twice a day. After 72 hours of shock，the samples were sacrificed，and then the serum liver function and（+）-haematoxylin eosin staining were performed to verify the efficacy of the drug. Sham Operation Group and sepsis group were fed normally without any special treatment. Then，network pharma- cology was used to screen the targets of drugs and drug responses and predict the signaling pathways that might play a role in the treatment of diseases. Finally，fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR）was performed to detect gene expression，Western blot（WB）was performed to detect tumor necrosis factor（TNF-α), P65，phosphory- lated P65（P-P65），and immunohistochemical（IHC）were performed assays to verify drug efficacy and explore the mechanism of drug treatment. Results Serum liver function and histopathology in rats showed that HQJND signifi- cantly improved liver function in severely burned rats. Network pharmacology screening was used to identify 353 disease-related marker genes and 286 drug targets. It was predicted that tumor necrosis/NF-NF-κB pathway（TNF/ NF-NF-κB pathway）might be a key pathway for HQJND to treat acute liver injury after severe burns. The results of immunohistochemistry（IHC）showed that the staining of TNF-α in the liver of the sepsis group was more than that of the sham operation group and the traditional Chinese medicine group. The results of RT-qPCR and WB showed that the expression of TNF- α , TNFR1 and P65 proteins in the liver of rats in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the sham operation group and the traditional Chinese medicine group；on the contrary，the ex- pression of TNF-α , TNFR1 and P65 proteins in the liver of rats in the sepsis group was significantly higher than that in the sham operation group and the traditional Chinese medicine group. The expression level of nuclear factor- kappa B（IκBα) was higher in the sham operation group and the traditional Chinese medicine group，indicating that drug treatment effectively inhibited the activation of the TNF/NF-κb signaling pathway. Conclusion Animal ex- periments and network pharmacology results confirm that HQJND has a protective effect on acute liver injury in se - verely burned rats，which may be related to the inhibition of TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Microbiological characterization of Staphylococcus epidermidis with hemolytic phenotype

Leng Guiyun1，Chen Wei1，Wang Chenghao1，Yao Jie1，Chen Chuanping2，Tang Wei1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.010

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Investigation of somatization symptoms and related factors in adolescents during frequent earthquakes in Hefei

Zhuang Yu1，2，3，Tang Pei1，2，3，Tian Yinghan1，2，3，Yao Peng4，Xia Lei1，2，3，Liu Huanzhong1，2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.021

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Current situation and future of robotic telesurgery

Yue Jiabin1，2，3，Tai Sheng1，2，3，Liang Chaozhao1，2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.002

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Effects of SHMT1 rs1979277 genetic polymorphisms on serum concentrations and adverse reactions of methotrexate in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Meng Lingjia1，Liu Sihan1，2，Li Miao1，3，Wang Shumei1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.015

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abstract:
To explore the effects of serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1（SHMT1）rs1979277 polymor- phisms on pharmacokinetic characteristics and clinical prognosis of methotrexate（ MTX ）in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia（ALL）. Methods Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrom- etry was used for SHMT1 rs1979277 genotyping in children with ALL . Clinical data including serum MTX concen- trations，incidences of adverse events，and ALL relapse after chemotherapy with MTX were collected. The associa- tions of SHMT1 rs1979277 G>A genotypes with dose-adjusted serum concentrations（C/D ratios）， adverse events of MTX，and relapse were analyzed. The associations between rs1979277 genotypes and SHMT1 expression were explored based on Bioinformatics methods. Results Among the 146 children with ALL included，the rs1979277 GG homozygous genotype accounted for 85. 62%（125/146）， while the GA heterozygous genotype accounted for 14. 38%（21/146）. The frequency of the G allele was 92. 81%（271/292），while the A allele was only 7. 19%（21/ 292）. Children with the GG homozygous genotype had higher median C/D ratios of MTX in 24 h［12. 06 ( μmol · m2）/（L·g）］ and higher relapse rates（12. 80%）than those in GA heterozygous genotype carriers［10. 96 ( μmol · m2）/（L·g），and 9. 52%，respectively］. However，none of the above differences were statistically significant（all P >0. 05）. The incidences of respiratory（19. 05%）and liver disorders（33. 33%）in children with the GA heterozy- gous genotype were significantly higher than those in GG homozygous genotype carriers（4. 00% and 12. 00%，re- spectively，P<0. 05）. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of other adverse events. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the rs1979277 A allele was significantly associated with higher SHMT1 expres- sion in multiple tissues，such as the tibial artery，pancreas，and adrenal gland（P<0. 05）. Conclusion SHMT1 rs1979277 GA genotype may be a risk factor for respiratory and liver disorders in ALL children treated with MTX.

Research progress in the role of c-Fos protein of in eye diseases

Shang Mengqiu，Liang Lina

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.024

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Construction and characterization of recombinant human coagulation factor VII stable transfected cell lines

Li Xiaoxiao1，Chen Jiabin1，Liu Jiajun1，Zhang Zhifei1，Zou Sen2，Zhu Lihua1，Yang Zhaoyong2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.004

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Association between serum indirect bilirubin and stroke risk in individuals with stages 0-3 cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome

Wu Chuanchang1，Chen Shuohua2，Zhang Zhenhua1，Wu Shouling2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.026

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abstract:
To systematically evaluate the association between serum indirect bilirubin（IBIL）levels and the risk of stroke incidence in patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic（CKM ）syndrome stages 0-3. Methods A total of 48，301 participants with CKM syndrome stages 0-3 were included，during which 2，904 stroke events were recorded. A prospective cohort study design was employed. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the relationship between IBIL and stroke risk，and restricted cubic spline（RCS）re- gression was applied to examine the dose-response relationship. Threshold effect analysis was conducted to identify potential inflection points in nonlinear relationships. Results Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that in the overall population，each 1 μmol/L increase in IBIL level was associated with approximately a 1. 2% reduction in stroke risk（HR = 0. 988，95% CI：0. 979–0. 996，P < 0. 05）. A significant interaction was observed between IBIL and CKM stages in relation to stroke risk（Pinteraction < 0. 05）. In individuals with stages 0–2 of CKM syndrome， higher IBIL levels showed a significant inverse association with stroke risk（Ptrend < 0. 05）；however，no such asso- ciation was observed in stage 3 patients. RCS regression and threshold effect analysis further revealed a nonlinear relationship between IBIL levels and stroke risk in stage 3 CKM patients（Plog-likelihood ratio < 0. 05）. When serum IBIL exceeded 10. 980 μmol/L，each 1 μmol/L increase was associated with approximately 5. 7% increase in stroke risk （HR = 1. 057，95% CI：1. 009–1. 107，P < 0. 05）. Conclusion The correlation between serum IBIL and stroke varies across different stages of CKM syndrome，showing a significant negative association in individuals at stages \ 0–2，while in stage 3 patients，it exhibits a threshold effect with an inflection point at 10. 980 μmol/L.

Simvastatin alleviates kidney ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis

Fu Zhihui1，Liu Zhongzhong2，Ye Qifa2，Xiao Qi1，Deng Qin1，Xiao Jiansheng1，Fu Biqi3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.008

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abstract:
To investigate the effect and mechanism of simvastatin pretreatment on kidney ischemia re- perfusion injury（IRI ）in mice. Methods Fifteen male C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were divided into three groups：Sham operation group（Sham group），kidney IRI group（IR group），and simvastatin pretreatment+kidney IRI group（SIM group）. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining of kidney tissue and detection of serum creatinine（SCr） and lactate dehydrogenase（ LDH ）were used to evaluate kidney injury. The levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD），reduced glutathione（GSH），malondialdehyde（MDA）and reactive oxygen species（ROS）were detected to evaluate oxidative stress. The contents of ferrous iron（Fe2+ ）and ferric iron（Fe3+ ）in kidney tissue were de- tected，and the morphological changes of mitochondria were observed by transmission electron microscope. The relative expression levels of Kruppel-like factor 2（KLF2），glutathione peroxidase 4（GPX4），solute carrier family 7 member 11（SLC7A11），and acyl-coa synthetase long chain family member 4（ACSL4）protein in kidney tissue were detected. Results Compared with the IR group，the SIM group had significantly reduced renal tubular injury and decreased contents of Scr and LDH in serum（P < 0. 001）. It also showed increased expression of SOD and GSH and decreased expression of MDA and ROS（P < 0. 01）. Simvastatin pretreatment reduced the contents of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the tissues（P < 0. 01）and alleviated mitochondrial damage. It also promoted the expression of KLF2（P < 0. 01），up-regulated the expression of ferroptosis-related protective proteins GPX4 and SLC7A11，and down-regulated the expression of ferroptosis-related damage protein ACSL4（P < 0. 05）. Conclusion Simvastatin pretreatment may inhibit kidney ferroptosis by promoting the expression of KLF2 to alleviate kidney IRI.

Curcumin-loaded exosomes from hypoxia-treated mesenchymal stem cells alleviate microglial inflammatory response in a combined therapy approach

Huang Xiaobin1，2，Li Qianqian2，Zhang Peng2，3，ZhouYanhua 2，3，Fan Anran2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.016

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abstract:
To investigate the effects of hypoxia-treated mesenchymal stem cell（ MSCs ）exosomes （Exo）and their loading with curcumin on microglial inflammatory responses，and to explore the enhancing effect of hypoxia treatment on the function of MSCs Exo. Methods The supernatants of human umbilical cord（hUC）-MSCs cultured under normal and hypoxic conditions were collected，and Exo were isolated using ultracentrifugation. Af- ter identification by transmission electron microscopy and Western blot ，curcumin was loaded using the co- incubation method. The lipopolysaccharide（ LPS）-induced microglial inflammation model was treated with di- methyl sulfoxide（DMSO），curcumin，normoxia Exo，hypoxia Exo，normoxic Exo loaded with curcumin，and hy- poxic Exo loaded with curcumin，respectively. The expression of the M1-type marker inducible nitric oxide syn- thase（iNOS）in BV2 cells was detected by immunofluorescence（IF）. Western blot and enzyme-linked immuno- sorbent assay（ELISA）were used to measure the expression and secretion levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF- α), interleukin-1β（IL-1β), and IL-6 in the cells and their culture supernatants. Results Normoxia Exo，hypoxia Exo，normoxic Exo loaded with curcumin，and hypoxic Exo loaded with curcumin exhibited a "saucer-like" shape with a diameter ranging from 30~ 150 nm，and the expression of exosomal markers CD9，CD81，and TSG101 were positive. After treating the BV2 cell inflammation model，IF results showed that，compared with the normoxia Exo group，treatment with hypoxic Exo significantly reduced the expression of iNOS. Moreover，when compared with the curcumin group and the normoxic Exo loaded with curcumin group，the expression level of iNOS significantly decreased after treatment with hypoxic Exo loaded with curcumin. The results of Western blot and ELISA indicated that，in comparison with the normoxia Exo group，treatment with hypoxic Exo significantly reduced the expression and secretion of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α , IL-1β , and IL-6. Additionally，when compared with the cur- cumin group and the normoxic Exo loaded with curcumin group，both the expression and secretion of TNF-α , IL- 1β , and IL-6 significantly decreased after treatment with hypoxic Exo loaded with curcumin. Conclusion Hypoxia preconditioning can enhance the ability of hUC-MSCs-Exo in the inhibition of microglial polarization and inflamma- tory factors ’secretion. Additionally，using Hypoxia-MSCs-Exo as a drug-delivery carrier of curcumin can improve its solubility and stability，facilitating its absorption by cells and exerting the therapeutic effect of combination therapy.

Culture and identification of rat corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells by modified tissue block adherence method

Zhang Tao1，2，Yu Maobin1，2，Liu Meijun2，Ma Ziyang1，2，Zhang Peihai1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.017

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Research on the diagnostic value of coagulation parameters and proteinuria in preeclampsia and its severity

Feng Xiaoqian，Di Ping，Li Ruibing，Li Mianyang

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.017

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abstract:
To investigate the diagnostic value of coagulation function indicators and proteinuria in preeclampsia and its severity assessment. Methods A total of 239 pregnant women who visited our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as research subjects. They were divided into healthy control group （n=50），non-gestational hypertension group（n=39），and gestational hypertension group（n=150）based on clini- cal diagnosis. The gestational hypertension group was further subdivided into three subgroups：simple hypertension group（n=50），mild preeclampsia group（n=50），and severe preeclampsia group（n=50）. The study compared dif- ferences in plasma protein S（PS），plasma protein C（PC），fibrin degradation products（FDP），fibrin monomer （FM），and proteinuria levels among different groups. The correlation between proteinuria and coagulation function indicators in patients with gestational hypertension was analyzed，and ROC curves were used to analyze the diag- nostic efficacy of coagulation indicators and proteinuria for gestational hypertension and different stages of pre - eclampsia. Results The gestational hypertension group showed lower PS and PC values compared to the non- gestational hypertension group and healthy control group，while FDP，FM values，and proteinuria levels were higher than those in the non-gestational hypertension group and healthy control group（P<0. 05）. Significant differ- ences in coagulation indicators and proteinuria levels were observed among pregnant women with different degrees of gestational hypertension（P<0. 05）. The AUC values for diagnosing gestational hypertension using PS，PC，FDP，FM，and proteinuria were 0. 928，0. 957，0. 968，0. 948，and 0. 932 respectively（P<0. 000 1）. For diag- nosing simple hypertension and mild preeclampsia，the AUC values were 0. 875，0. 777，0. 830，0. 679，and 0. 936 respectively（ P<0. 01）. For diagnosing mild and severe preeclampsia ，the AUC values were 0. 901， 0. 776，0. 780，0. 807，and 0. 848 respectively（P<0. 000 1）. Conclusion Coagulation function indicators and proteinuria show significant differences between healthy pregnant women and those with gestational hypertension. PS，PC，FDP，FM，and proteinuria levels vary among pregnant women with different stages of preeclampsia. The aforementioned indicators exhibit certain diagnostic efficacy for gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.

B7-H3 molecule inhibits apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells via the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway

Zheng Lin1，Zhong Jianxin2，Niu Ke1，Xu Qing1，Ling Huijuan1，Zhu Yayu1，Chen Bing1，3，Chen Liwen1，4

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.007

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abstract:
To explore the role of the histone deacetylase Sirtuin-1（SIRT1）/p53 signaling pathway in promoting apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells（NSCLC）induced by the co-stimulatory molecule B7 homo- log 3（B7-H3）. Methods The GEPIA 2 platform was used for survival analysis of NSCLC patients based on B7⁃ H3 gene expression levels. The Gene Enrichment Analysis（GSEA）method was used to analyze the enrichment characteristics of B7⁃ H3 molecules in the gene set of cell apoptosis. In the non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell line，B7⁃ H3 was knocked down，and the protein expression levels of SIRT1 and p53 were detected by Western blot. B7⁃H3 was overexpressed in A549 cells and the apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry after Annexin V/PI double staining. Overexpression of B7⁃H3 and knockdown of SIRT1 were performed in A549 cell line. The ex- pression levels of p53 and apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2（Bcl-2）and Bcl-2-associated X protein（Bax）were detected respectively by Western blot. Cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry after Annexin V/PI double staining. Results The overall survival of the B7-H3 high-expression group was significantly lower than that of the low-expression group（P<0. 01）. B7-H3 was significantly enriched in the cell apoptosis sig- naling pathway and the p53 signaling pathway（P<0. 05）. Compared with the control group，the expression of SIRT1 was significantly downregulated，and p53 was significantly upregulated in the B7 ⁃ H3 knockdown group （both P<0. 001）. Overexpression of B7-H3 significantly up-regulated SIRT1 protein expression（P<0. 05），down- regulated p53 expression（P<0. 01），and markedly increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio of apoptosis-related proteins（P< 0. 001）. The results of Annexin V/PI double staining showed that the apoptosis rate of A549 cells with overex- pressed B7⁃ H3 decreased（the apoptosis rate of the control group was 26. 72%±4. 13%，while that of the B7⁃ H3 overexpression group was 13. 87%±0. 82%；P<0. 01）. In B7-H3-overexpressing cell lines，SIRT1 knockdown sig- nificantly reversed apoptosis（P<0. 05），up-regulated p53 protein expression（P<0. 001），and markedly reduced the Bcl-2/Bax ratio（P<0. 001）. Conclusion B7-H3 molecule inhibits the apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells via the SIRT1/p53 signaling pathway.

Incidence and determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder at three months following a road traffic accident

Yang Luodong1，Li Haohao2，Meng Yao2，Jiang Liang1，Hu Min1 ，Zhang Guiqing1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.018

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abstract:
To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of posttraumatic stress disorder （PTSD）three months after a traffic accident，and to explore the role of social support and coping strategies. Meth ⁃ ods A total of 117 individuals exposed to trauma following road traffic accidents were recruited. General demo- graphic and clinical information was collected within one week，and the hamilton anxiety rating scale（HAMA）， the hamilton depression rating scale-24（HAMD-24），the social support rating scale（SSRS），and the simplified coping style questionnaire（SCSQ）were administered. A 3-month follow-up was subsequently conducted，during which PTSD symptoms were assessed using the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for DSM-5（PCL-5）. Par- ticipants were divided into a PTSD group and a non-PTSD group according to whether PTSD occurred. Between- group comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test or the z2 test，as appropriate. Spearman ’s correlation analysis was used to examine the associations between general characteristics and PCL-5 scores. Binary Logistic regression was applied to identify factors influencing PTSD，and receiver operating charac- teristic（ROC）curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic value of the SCSQ and SSRS. Results Dur- ing the 3-month follow-up of the 117 trauma-exposed individuals，17 cases developed PTSD，with a higher propor- tion of females（70. 59%）. Between-group comparisons showed that，compared with the PTSD group，the non- PTSD group had higher scores for positive coping，objective support，and subjective support（P<0. 05），and lower scores for negative coping，HAMA，HAMD，and PCL-5（P<0. 05）. Correlation analysis indicated that female gen- der，negative coping，and higher HAMA and HAMD scores were associated with greater PTSD severity. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that educational level（OR=1. 715，95% CI：1. 020-2. 883，P=0. 042）and nega- tive coping（OR=1. 590，95% CI：1. 003-2. 522，P=0. 048）were risk factors for PTSD，whereas objective support （OR=0. 646，95% CI：0. 451-0. 925，P=0. 017）was a protective factor. The ROC analysis showed that the total SCSQ score and its negative and positive coping dimensions，the total SSRS score and its subjective and objective support dimensions，as well as their combined use，all demonstrated good discriminative ability in distinguishing between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups. Conclusion The results suggest that individuals who are female，with higher HAMA and HAMD scores after a motor vehicle accident，and those with lower social support and negative coping strategies，should be given particular attention. Early interventions for these individuals may reduce the in- cidence of PTSD.

Mechanism of miR-21 targeting inhibition of the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway in ameliorating chronic renal fibrosis in mice

Qi Jiao，Xu Shanshan，Qi Qige，Meng Yan，Zhao Jianrong，Zhang Liying

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.005

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abstract:
To investigate the mechanism through which miR-21 improves chronic renal fibrosis in mice via targeted modulation of the phosphatase and tensin homolog（PTEN）/protein kinase B（AKT）/mammalian target of rapamycin（mTOR）pathway. Methods Thirty-two chronic kidney disease model mice were randomly di- vided into four groups（n=8 each group）： model group，miR-21 overexpression group，miR-21 inhibition group， and miR-21 inhibition + MK-2206 group. Eight healthy mice were included as the control group. The miR-21 over- expression，miR-21 inhibition，and miR-21 inhibition + MK-2206 groups received tail-vein injections of lentivirus （50 μL，1×10⁸ TU per mouse）once weekly for three weeks. The control and model groups were injected with an equal volume of empty vector（LV-NC）. The miR-21 inhibition + MK-2206 group additionally received gavage of the AKT/mTOR pathway inhibitor MK-2206（480 mg/kg） once weekly for three weeks. The expressions of miR-21，24 h urinary protein，serum creatinine（Scr），blood urea nitrogen（BUN），and renal tissue levels of col- lagen I，collagen III，α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA），and PTEN protein，as well as p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/ mTOR ratios，were compared among groups. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in renal tissue， and Masson staining was used to observe the degree of renal fibrosis. A dual-luciferase assay was performed to verify the targeting relationship between miR-21 and PTEN. Results Compared with the model group，miR-21 ex- pression in renal tissue increased in the miR-21 overexpression group（P<0. 05）and decreased in the miR-21 inhi- bition group（P<0. 05）. Compared with the model group，the miR-21 overexpression group showed increased 24-h urinary protein，Scr，BUN，and renal tissue expression of collagen I，collagen III，and α-SMA（all P<0. 05）， while these indicators decreased in the miR-21 inhibition group（P<0. 05）. Compared with the miR-21 inhibition group，the miR-21 inhibition + MK-2206 group exhibited lower 24-h urinary protein，Scr，BUN，and renal tissue expression of collagen I，collagen III，and α-SMA（all P<0. 05）. Compared with the model group，the miR-21 overexpression group showed decreased PTEN protein expression（ P<0. 05） and increased p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR ratios（ P<0. 05）， while the miR-21 inhibition group showed increased PTEN expression（ P< 0. 05）and decreased p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR ratios（P<0. 05）. Compared with the miR-21 inhibition group，the miR-21 inhibition + MK-2206 group had lower p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR ratios（P<0. 05），with no significant difference in PTEN protein expression（P>0. 05）. HE and Masson staining showed normal kidney structure and almost no fibrosis in the control group. The model group exhibited glomerular enlargement，capillary loop adhesion，and focal fibrosis. The miR-21 overexpression group showed severe destruction of glomerular struc- ture，accompanied by extensive fibrosis and renal tubular atrophy. The pathological changes and degree of fibrosis were alleviated in the miR-21 inhibition group. The miR-21 inhibition + MK-2206 group showed only mild patho- logical changes and mild fibrosis，with the interstitium being largely normal. Compared with PTEN-WT + NC mim- ics 1，the relative luciferase activity in the PTEN-WT + miR-21 mimics group decreased（P<0. 001）. There was no statistically significant difference in relative luciferase activity between PTEN-WT + NC mimics group and PTEN-MUT + miR-21 mimics group（P>0. 05）. Conclusion miR-21 may improve renal function indicators and alleviate renal fibrosis in chronic kidney disease mice via targeted modulation of PTEN and subsequently inhibiting the AKT/mTOR pathway.

The role of DPP7 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma and its underlying mechanisms

Wang Bijun1，Cui Haodong2，3，Wu Wenyong2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.003

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abstract:
To investigate the mechanism of Dipeptidyl peptidase 7（DPP7）in hepatocellular carci- noma（HCC）. Methods The expression of DPP7 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and liver benign tis- sues was detected by UALCAN and GEPIA database，immunohistochemical，and Western blot，and its relation- ship with clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. The expression of DPP7 was silenced by siRNA and the protein expression of DPP7 in MHCC97H cells was detected by Western blot and qPCR. MTT assay，colony forma- tion assay and wound healing assay were used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assay was used to detect the in- vasion and migration ability of cells. Western blot was used to detect the changes of protein markers related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）. Results In UALCAN，GEPIA and clinical liver tissue samples，DPP7 expression was upregulated and it was closely related to TNM stage（ P=0. 002）， lymph node metastasis（ P= 0. 038）and depth of tumor invasion（P=0. 027）. The downregulation of DPP7 protein expression in MHCC97H cells was detected after transfection of siRNA in the experimental group（P<0. 01）；furthermore，the results of the MTT，colony formation，wound healing and Transwell assay demonstrated that knockdown of DPP7 expression in the MHCC97H cell line significantly inhibited the proliferative and metastatic capabilities of these cells. Consis- tent with this phenotypic change，analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition（EMT）related proteins revealed a significant upregulation of the epithelial marker E-cadherin（P<0. 001）and downregulation of the mesenchymal markers Vimentin and N-cadherin（P<0. 01）. Conclusion DPP7 is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines，and this is associated with poor prognosis in patients. The downregulation of DPP7 protein expression can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC97H，and its mechanism is closely related to EMT.

Construction and validation of a prognostic risk assessment model for lung adenocarcinoma based on miR-34 family target genes

Gu Lingyu1，Gelema Ang2，Yang Dan2，Wang Huifeng3，Wang Lixin1，Dong Hui4

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.018

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Effects of oleic acid-induced lipid droplet synthesis on the proliferation，migration，invasion，and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of osteosarcoma cells

Wang Mengting1，2，3，Wang Yunlong1，2，Liang Mengxia1，2，Liu Jun2，Bian Erbao1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.01.003

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α-ketoglutarate ameliorated arsenic-induced hepatic lipid deposition in offspring via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Bao Shuangrui1，2，3，Wu Hongyan1，2，3，Sun Ying1，2，3，Zhan Tong1，2，3，Yang Qian1，2，3，Liang Xinru1，2，3， Wan Zhiyan1，2，3，Chen Wenyi2，3，Zhang Cheng1，2，3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.006

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abstract:
To investigate the protective effect of α-ketoglutarate (α-KG）on hepatic lipid deposition in offspring caused by arsenic exposure during pregnancy. Methods 8-week-old institute of cancer research（ICR） mice were mated in a ratio of 2：1 between females and males，and the detection of vaginal plugs confirmed preg- nant. A total of 32 pregnant mice were randomly divided into four groups：control group，arsenic group，α -KG group，arsenic+α-KG group. On gestational day 0~ 16（GD0~GD16），the arsenic and arsenic+α-KG groups were exposed to sodium arsenite（NaAsO2 ，15 mg/L）in drinking water everyday，and the α -KG and arsenic+ α -KG groups were gavaged with α-KG（2 g/kg）everyday. On GD16，pregnant mice were euthanized to collect fetal liver， and fetal body weight and crown-rump length were measured. Gene expression differences between the control group and the arsenic group were analyzed by transcriptome. The total triglycerides（TGs）and subtypes in fetal liver were detected by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry（LC-MS/MS）. Oil red O staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the liver. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction（qPCR）was used to detect the expression level of genes related to lipid synthesis，transport，and degradation，and phosphatidylinositol 3' -kinase/ protein kinase B（PI3K/AKT）in the liver of fetus. Results Transcriptomics analysis showed that 2 144 genes were downregulated and 1 675 genes were upregulated in the arsenic exposed fetal liver；body weight and crown-rump length were reduced（PTuKey<0. 05）； the level of hepatic TGs was elevated in arsenic group（PTuKey< 0. 05）；oil-red O staining showed a significant increase in lipid droplets in arsenic group（PTuKey<0. 01）；the expres- sion of lipid synthesis-related genes were significantly upregulated（PTuKey<0. 05）； the expression of β -oxidation- related genes and lipid degradation-related genes were downregulated（PTuKey<0. 05）；the expression of PI3K，AKT decreased（PTuKey<0. 05）. Compared with the arsenic group，the body weight and crown-rump length of fetus in- creased in the arsenic+α-KG group（PTuKey<0. 05）；the level of hepatic TGs decreased in the arsenic+ α-KG group （PTuKey<0. 05）； oil red O staining showed lipid droplets significantly decreased（PTuKey<0. 01）； the expression of lipid synthesis-related genes were downregulated（PTuKey<0. 05）， the expression of β -oxidation-related genes and lipid degradation-related genes were upregulated（PTuKey<0. 05）；the expression levels of PI3K and AKT increased （PTuKey<0. 05）. Conclusion α-KG alleviated hepatic lipid deposition in offspring exposed to arsenic during preg- nancy through activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Effect of RUNX3 on the activation，proliferation，and migration capabilities of hepatic stellate cells

Ling Hui1，Wang Xianchen2，You Junbo2，Fan Jiahao2，Cui Xiao1，Sha Jiming 2，Yu Liquan1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.013

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abstract:
To investigate the effects of targeted silencing of Runt-related Transcription Factor 3 （RUNX3）on the proliferation and migration of Mouse Hepatic Stellate Cells（HSCs），as well as subsequent colla- gen deposition. Methods Mouse hepatic stellate cell line（JS-1）was selected and then morphologically observed and identified under a microscope. After the cells had fully adhered，they were treated with 5 ng/mL of transform- ing growth factor beta 1（TGF-阝1）for 24 hours to induce hepatic stellate cell activation. Furthermore，a RUNX3 si- lencing model was established using RUNX3 lentiviral infection. The experiment was divided into four groups： Control group，TGF-阝1 group，TGF-阝1+siRNA-NC group，and TGF-阝1+siRNA-RUNX3 group. Protein expression changes of RUNX3，alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA），and Alpha 1 type I collagen（Collagen I）were detected using Western blot method. Cellular immunofluorescence assays were employed to investigate the deposition changes of α-SMA and RUNX3 in hepatic stellate cells. RT-qPCR was utilized to examine the mRNA expression changes of RUNX3，α-SMA，and Collagen I. The proliferative capacity of hepatic stellate cells was assessed using Edu staining. The migratory ability of hepatic stellate cells was evaluated through wound healing assays and Tran - swell migration experiments. Results Compared with Control group，a significant elevation in RUNX3 was ob- served in the TGF- 阝1-induced activated HSCs（P<0. 01）. Meanwhile，the protein and mRNA levels of fibrosis- related markers and α-SMA and Collagen I were significantly upregulated（P<0. 001）. Additionally，the prolifera- tion and migration capabilities of HSCs were significantly enhanced（P<0. 001）. In contrast，when compared to TGF- 阝1+siRNA-NC group，TGF- 阝1+siRNA-RUNX3 group exhibited a notable decrease in RUNX3 and other re- lated indicators，such as the protein and mRNA levels of α -SMA and Collagen I（P<0. 001）. Concurrently，the proliferation and migration capabilities of HSCs were significantly inhibited in TGF-阝1+siRNA-RUNX3 group（P< 0. 001）. Conclusion Silencing RUNX3 can inhibit the deposition of collagen and the proliferation and migration of hepatic stellate cells. Conversely ，RUNX3 promotes the proliferation and migration capabilities of HSCs， thereby facilitating the activation of HSC.

Investigation of the regulatory effect of overexpressed Ptpn2 on SiO₂-mediated mouse alveolar macrophages based on iTRAQ technology

Wei Yi1，2，Li Yaqian1，2，3，Li Xinjie1，Feng Mengfei1，2，Jin Fuyu1，2，Xu Hong1，2，4，Zhu Ying1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.001

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abstract:
To investigate the regulatory effect of overexpressed protein tyrosine phosphatase non - receptor type 2（Ptpn2）on the inflammatory response of mouse alveolar macrophages（MH-S）induced by SiO ₂ . Methods Cells with overexpressed Ptpn2 were constructed and induced by SiO ₂ . The experimental groups were divided into four groups：the negative control group with an empty vector（NC）， the overexpressed Ptpn2 group （P），the negative control group with an empty vector + SiO ₂ induction（NS），and the overexpressed Ptpn2 + SiO ₂ induction group（ PS）. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification（iTRAQ） combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry（ LC-MS/MS）were used to screen differential proteins，followed by Gene Ontology（GO）and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）database analyses. Immunofluores- cence staining was used to detect the expressions of Tumor necrosis factor（TNF）α , Gasdermin D（GSDMD），and Transforming growth factor（TGF）-β1. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of PTPN2， Toll-like receptor 4（TLR4），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like re- ceptor protein 3（NLRP3）， and proteins related to the TGF-β1 signaling pathway in the cells of each group. Re ⁃ sults iTRAQ results identified 144 differential proteins among the four groups. GO analysis showed that in bio- logical processes（BP），these differential proteins were mainly enriched in IκB kinase/nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB） signaling，cell activation and signal transduction involved in immune responses，and regulation of receptor signal- ing pathways by signal transducer and activator of transcription（STAT），etc. KEGG analysis revealed that the dif- ferential proteins were mainly enriched in Toll-like receptor signaling pathway，NF-κB signaling pathway，NOD- like receptor signaling pathway，TGF-β signaling pathway，and TNF signaling pathway. The results of immunofluo- rescence staining showed that compared with the NC group，the expressions of TNF α , GSDMD，and TGF-β1 in the cells of the NS group increased（P < 0. 05）；Compared to the NS group，the expression of the aforementioned proteins in the PS group decreased in cellular proteins（P < 0. 05）. The results of Western blot showed that com- pared with the NC group，the protein expression levels of PTPN2，p-NF-κB、MyD88、TLR4、NLRP3、GSDMD、Cas- pase-1、IL-1β、TGF-βR1、TGF-βR2、p-Smad2/3 in the NS group were significantly upregulated（P < 0. 05）；Com- pared with the NS group，the expression levels of the aforementioned proteins in the PS group were significantly downregulated（P < 0. 05）. Conclusion Overexpression of Ptpn2 can inhibit the protein expressions of TLR4- TNF-α signaling，NLRP3 signaling，and TGF-β1 signaling closely related to inflammatory response in SiO ₂ -medi- ated MH-S macrophages.

Role and mechanism of Lck/Yes-related novel tyrosine kinases in macrophage M1 polarization

Yu Xin，Gao Zhensheng，Bian Weihua，Liu Xiangyong，Sun Yeying

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.004

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abstract:
To investigate the role and mechanism of Lck/Yes-related novel protein tyrosine kinase （Lyn）on lipopolysaccharide（LPS）-induced M 1-type polarization of macrophage. Methods The LentiCRISPR- V2 plasmid was digested with the restriction endonuclease BSMBI-V2，and the digested DNA fragments were recov- ered. The digested plasmid was ligated with Lyn-sgRNA using T4 ligase to generate the Lenti-Lyn-gRNA lentivi- rus. THP-1 cells were infected with the Lenti-Lyn-gRNA lentivirus to obtain a stable cell line with Lyn knockout， and a monoclonal THP-1 cell line with complete Lyn knockout（Lyn⁻/⁻ ) was established subsequently. Wild-type Lyn（LynWT）and Lyn⁻/⁻ THP-1 cells were induced with 100 ng/mL phorbol myristate acetate（PMA）for 48 h to dif- ferentiate into M0 macrophages，which were further polarized into M 1 macrophages by stimulation with 100 ng/mL LPS for 24 h. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（qPCR）was performed to detect the expression of M0 macrophage markers，including integrin αM（CD11b），macrophage antigen（CD68），and monocyte differen- tiation antigen（ CD14）. The expression of Lyn in M 1 macrophages differentiated from wild-type THP-1 cells （LynWT-M1）was measured by qPCR，and the ratio of phosphorylated Lyn to total Lyn（P-Lyn/Lyn）in LynWT-M1 cells was determined by Western blot. In M 1 macrophages differentiated from Lyn-knockout THP-1 cells （Lyn⁻/⁻-M1），qPCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS），interleu- kin-6（IL-6），and chemokine（C-X-C motif）ligand 10（CXCL-10）. Western blot was conducted to assess the pro- tein expression of iNOS，as well as the protein levels of molecules related to the Janus kinase 1（JAK1）-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1（STAT1）signaling pathway，including JAK1，phosphorylated JAK1（P- JAK1）， STAT1，and phosphorylated STAT1（P-STAT1）. Additionally，the expression of the M 1 macrophage marker cluster of differentiation 80（CD80）was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The Lyn-/- monoclonal cell line was successfully constructed. The expression of CD11b was significantly elevated in Lyn-/- M0 macrophages， and the differentiation of M 1 macrophages was successful. Knockdown of Lyn inhibited mRNA expression of iNOS， IL⁃6，CXCL⁃10，protein expression of iNOS and CD80 expression in M 1 macrophages（P<0. 05）. Western blot as- say showed that Lyn knockdown inhibited protein expression of JAK1 and P-STAT1（P<0. 01）. Conclusion After CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Lyn knockout，the expression levels of JAK1 and P-STAT1，the key molecules in the JAK/ STAT signaling pathway of M 1 macrophages，are significantly downregulated；concomitantly，the expression of M 1 macrophage-specific secretory factors（iNOS，IL ⁃ 6，CXCL ⁃ 10 mRNA）and CD80 is also downregulated，which may be achieved via targeted regulation of the JAK1/P-STAT1-mediated JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Effects of LINC02086 on proliferation，migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway mediated M2 polarization of macrophages

Li Jun1，Bu Yafei2，Chen Jie2，Ding Bo1，Wang Lei1

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.002

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abstract:
To investigate the effect and mechanism of long intergenic non-coding RNA02086 （LINC02086）overexpression mediated macrophage polarization on the proliferation，migration and invasion of gas- tric cancer cells. Methods The expression levels of LINC02086 in the human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 and human gastric cancer cell lines HCG-27，NCI-N87，and AGS were determined by qRT-PCR. Human acute monocytic leukemia cells（THP-1）were induced to differentiate into M0 macrophages using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate （ PMA）. HGC-27 cells were infected with either LINC02086 overexpression lentivirus （ OE- LINC02086）or its negative control lentivirus（Vector），and the culture supernatants were collected as conditioned medium（CM1）. M0 macrophages were co-cultured with the infected HGC-27 cells，and the resulting supernatants were designated as conditioned medium 2（CM2）. M0 macrophages were treated with CM1 alone or in combination with Wnt/# -catenin pathway inhibitor IWR-1 ， forming the Vector+CM1 ， OE-LINC02086+CM1 ， and OE- LINC02086+CM1+IWR-1 groups，respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect mannose receptor C-type 1 （CD206）expression，and qRT-PCR was employed to measure mRNA levels of interleukin-10（IL⁃10），transform- ing growth factor-#（ TGF ⁃β), vascular endothelial growth factor（ VEGF）， and chemokine ligand 22（CCL22）. Western blot was performed to evaluate protein expression of CD206，VEGF，and key components of the Wnt/# -catenin pathway—Wnt family member 3a（Wnt3a）， glycogen synthase kinase-3#（GSK-3#）， and # -catenin. HGC-27 cells were treated with CM2 alone or combined with IWR-1 ， establishing the Vector+CM2 ， OE- LINC02086+CM2，and OE-LINC02086+CM2+IWR-1 groups. CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate cell prolifera- tion，and Transwell assays were conducted to assess migration and invasion capabilities. Results Compared with GES-1 cells，the expression levels of LINC02086 were upregulated in HCG-27，NCI-N87，and AGS cells（P < 0. 05）， with the smallest increase observed in HCG-27 cells. Compared with Vector+CM1 group，the level of CD206 and the expression levels of IL ⁃ 10，TGF ⁃β , VEGF and CCL22 mRNA in macrophages stimulated by OE- LINC02086+CM1 increased（P<0. 05）. Meanwhile，the expression levels of Wnt3a and #-catenin proteins in cells increased（P<0. 05）， and the expression level of GSK-3# protein decreased（P<0. 05）. However，co-treatment with IWR-1 markedly reversed the promoting effects of LINC02086 overexpression on the expression of M2 polariza- tion markers，including CD206，IL⁃10，and TGF⁃β mRNA，in macrophages（P<0. 05），as well as its activation of the Wnt/#-catenin signaling pathway（P<0. 05）. Compared with Vector+CM2 group，HGC-27 cells infected with OE-LINC02086+CM2 had increased proliferation activity and increased number of migration and invasion cells（P< 0. 05）. However，the combined intervention of IWR-1 significantly reversed the promotion of LINC02086 overex- pression on the proliferation，migration and invasion of HGC-27 cells（P<0. 05）. Conclusion LINC02086 overex- pression promotes the proliferation，migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells by activating Wnt/#-catenin path- way to mediate M2 polarization of macrophages.

Eye-tracking analysis reveals the influence of professional background and gender on gaze patterns toward lateral profiles

Wu Tingting1，2，Zheng Xiuyun1，2，Song Xinyi1，2，Liu Xiaoyu1，2

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.021

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abstract:
To explore the visual attention distribution across different lateral facial profiles and ana- lyze the influence of observer gender and professional background on aesthetic evaluation，providing an aesthetic basis for the design of clinical orthodontic treatment. Methods Eye-tracking technology was employed to record the gaze paths of 136 subjects（orthodontists，non-orthodontic dentists，and non-professionals）when evaluating three types of male and female lateral profiles（convex，straight，and concave）. A questionnaire survey was con- ducted using a visual analog scale（VAS）. Data differences and the consistency between eye-tracking and question- naire results were analyzed through t-tests，analysis of variance（ANOVA）， and Kappa coefficient analysis. Re ⁃ sults The questionnaire scores for straight profiles were significantly higher than those for convex and concave pro - files（P<0. 05）. Eye-tracking revealed that subjects primarily focused on the eye and nasal regions（P<0. 001）， followed by the mouth. However，orthodontists showed no significant difference in attention between the mouth and eye-nasal areas（P>0. 05）. Additionally，gender differences were notable. Female observers prioritized the mouth （P<0. 05），while male observers paid later attention to the oral-buccal region. The forehead and chin rapidly at- tracted attention during the initial evaluation phase ，particularly in female concave profiles（ P<0. 05）. Eye- tracking data demonstrated high consistency with questionnaire results (κ=0. 868）. Conclusion This study，uti- lizing eye-tracking technology，finds that the eye and nasal regions are the core focus areas for aesthetic evaluation of lateral profiles. Gender differences result in distinct gaze preferences（males emphasize the nose，while females emphasize the eyes），whereas orthodontists focus more on the lips and forehead. As aesthetic baselines，the fore- head and chin，with their profile characteristics，should be prioritized in treatment. This research provides a basis for developing personalized orthodontic plans and establishing aesthetic consensus between clinicians and patients.

Research progress on the microbiota-gut-brain axis regulatory mechanisms and targeted dietary interventions in autism spectrum disorder

Hao Mingyue1，Chang Jiajun1 ，Zhang Zhihua2，Gao Lan3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.026

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abstract:
Abstract Autism spectrum disorder（ASD）， also known as autism，is a series of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social disorders and repetitive stereotyped behaviors/narrow interests. Its pathogenesis is com- plex，and there is a lack of effective treatment drugs，with some cases having adverse outcomes. Recent studies have consistently revealed that individuals with autism spectrum disorder（ASD）commonly exhibit characteristics such as gut microbiota dysbiosis（abnormal Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio）， impaired intestinal barrier function （elevated serum levels of zonulin and LPS），and intestinal immune dysregulation（increased pro-inflammatory cyto- kines including IL-6 and TNF-α), suggesting that gastrointestinal abnormalities may influence central nervous sys- tem development through neuroendocrine，immunoregulatory，and metabolic pathways. Consequently，growing scholarly attention has focused on dietary interventions as potential approaches to alleviate clinical symptoms in children with ASD. This review systematically summarizes the role of gut microbiota and their metabolite altera - tions in ASD pathogenesis，along with recent advancements in understanding the microbiota-gut-brain axis mecha- nisms. Additionally ，it elaborates on the therapeutic effects and underlying biological basis of restrictive diet therapy，modified diet therapy，and nutritional supplementation therapy in promoting the health of children with ASD. This systematic review reveals that children with ASD exhibit significant gut microbiota dysbiosis（e. g. ，in- creased Clostridium，decreased Faecalibacterium）and abnormal metabolite profiles（e. g. ，altered short-chain fatty acid spectra，elevated 4EPS levels）. These alterations exacerbate neuroinflammation and immune dysregula- tion through the microbiota-gut-brain axis，thereby impacting nervous system development and function. Further- more，interventions such as ketogenic diets，camel milk，and specific nutritional supplements can alleviate certain ASD symptoms by modulating gut microbiota，restoring intestinal barrier function，and improving metabolic path- ways. Future investigations should aim to create multi-omics evaluation systems for pinpointing potential beneficia- ries，devise individualized intervention strategies rooted in microbiome characteristics，and verify their therapeutic value and safety in large-scale randomized controlled trials. These efforts are crucial to transitioning ASD treatment from symptomatic control to address disease etiology，thereby paving the way for improving prognoses.

A new pathway for the homing of asthma bone mesenchymal stem cells： miR-139/Notch1 axis regulates macrophage polarization

Wang Kun1，2，Fang Haoxiang2，Cao Xiaomei2，Zhu Ziheng3

DOI: 10.19405/j.cnki.issn1000-1492.2026.02.011

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abstract:
To observe the expression of miR-139/Notch1 axis and macrophage polarization in the hom- ing changes of bone mesenchymal stem cells（BMSCs）in asthmatic rats，and to explore the possible mechanism of immune regulation by BMSCs during asthma. Methods 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups： normal control group，model control group and BMSCs implantation group，with 10 rats in each group. BMSCs la- beled with CFSE were infused into the body of asthmatic rats through the tail vein，and the homing status of BMSCs in asthmatic lung tissue was detected by flow cytometry. Changes in the proportion of inflammatory cells in alveolar lavage fluid were detected by Wright-Giemsa Stain；the levels of macrophage polarization cytokines IFN-γ, IL-13， CD80 and CD206 in rat serum were detected by ELISA；the miR-139，Notch1，NOS2，Arg1 and CXCR4 in lung tissue were detected by RT-qPCR. Results Compared with the NC group，the expression of serum CD80 and IFN- γ in the MC group decreased，while the expression of IL-13 and CD206 increased（P<0. 01）. The expression of miR⁃139 in lung tissue of MC group rats decreased，and the expression of macrophage polarization markers NOS2， Arg1，and homing marker CXCR4 genes increased（P<0. 01）. Compared with the MC group，the expression of IFN-γ of rats in BMSCs group increased，while the expression of IL-13 and CD206 decreased（P<0. 01）. The ex- pression of miR⁃139，CXCR4，and SDF⁃1 mRNA in the lung tissue of rats of BMSCs group increased，while the ex- pression of Notch1，NOS2，and Arg1 decreased（P<0. 01）. Correlation analysis showed that CXCR4 was posi- tively correlated with miR⁃139（P<0. 05），while CXCR4 was negatively correlated with Notch1（P<0. 05）. SDF⁃1 and IFN⁃ γ was a positively correlated（P<0. 05），while SDF⁃1 was negatively correlated with Arg1 and CD206（P< 0. 05）. Conclusion The miR-139/Notch1 axis can promote bone mesenchymal stem cell homing in asthmatic rats by affecting macrophage polarization in asthma.

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